Fruits

• FRUITS - mature, ripened ovary that provides protection and dispersal for the enclosed seeds
• Types of Fruits

  • SIMPLE - developed from a single carpel or fused ovaries of one flower
  • COMPOUND

  Aggregate - developed from a single flower with separate carpels

  Multiple - developed from carpels of many flowers that grows close on a common floral stalk
• Simple

  Fleshy

  • Berry - all layers are soft
  • Pome - leathery or papery endocarp
  • Hesperidium - leathery exocarp
  • Drupe (stone fruit) - hard (schlerematous) endocarp
  • Pepo - exocarp is a tough hard rind
• Dry

  • Dehiscent - split opens along sutures
  • Indehiscent - do not split open
• Simple - Dry (Dehiscent)

  • Follicle - split opens along one suture
  • Legume - split open along two sutures
  • Silique - characteristic of Brassicaceae family
  • Schizocarp -compounds ovaries break into individual carpels (mesicarps)
  • Capsule - split open along multiple sutures
• Capsule

  • Hyperium - along the lines of fusion
  • Iris - between the lines of fusion
  • Primerose - splits into top and bottom half
  • Poppy -opening by smal pores
• Simple - Dry (Indehiscent)

  • Caryopsis - simple &smal containing only one seed; seed coat si fused to the fruit wall
  • Achene - seed &fruit remains distinct; fruit wal si thin &papery
  • Samara - One-seeded fruit with wing-like outgrowths of the ovary
  • Nut - develops from a compound pistil