context (simplified)

Cards (29)

  • When was 'A Christmas Carol' published?

    1843
  • What does the Poor Law (1834) require of the poor?

    To enter workhouses with harsh conditions
  • How does Dickens view the Poor Law system?

    He opposes it and highlights the struggles
  • How did many working-class families cope during Christmas?

    They relied on charity, often facing bleakness
  • What societal changes did the Industrial Revolution bring?

    Poor wages, child labour, and dangerous conditions
  • Who do the Cratchits represent in 'A Christmas Carol'?

    Struggling working-class families
  • What does Scrooge symbolize in the novella?

    Wealthy business owners who refuse to help
  • How did Christmas traditions evolve in the 1840s?

    It became a family-centered celebration
  • Who influenced the evolution of Christmas traditions?

    Prince Albert
  • What role did 'A Christmas Carol' play in Christmas traditions?

    It shaped the festive spirit of generosity
  • What did Thomas Malthus argue about overpopulation?

    It would lead to food shortages and poverty, encouraging the poor to not reproduce.
  • How did Dickens respond to Malthusian Theory?

    He strongly opposed the idea
  • What central values are reflected in 'A Christmas Carol'?

    Charity, redemption, and goodwill
  • What does Scrooge's transformation represent?

    No one is beyond redemption
  • How did Dickens use fiction in his works?

    To raise awareness about social issues
  • What did the three spirits in the novella represent?

    Guidance toward redemption
  • What was London's population in 1800?

    About 1 million
  • What was the population of London by 1850?

    More than 2.5 million
  • How many people were in London's workhouses by the 1830s?

    Over 30,000
  • What did the Poor Law Amendment Act (1834) enforce?

    Harsher conditions in workhouses
  • What percentage of people in Britain lived in poverty in 1843?

    One in ten
  • What was the average working day for children in the 1840s?

    12-16 hours
  • What does Tiny Tim symbolize in the novella?

    The suffering working class
  • How did poverty affect crime rates in London?

    Increased crime with 50,000 arrests yearly
  • How much did the prison population increase between 1840 and 1860?

    It doubled
  • How does Marxist criticism view Scrooge?

    As a representative of capitalist greed
  • What does New Historicist criticism focus on?

    Victorian anxieties about industrialisation
  • What themes does religious criticism highlight in the novella?

    Redemption, forgiveness, and charity
  • Who starred as Scrooge in the 1999 adaptation?

    Patrick Stewart