Music

• African music -rich and diverse cultural heritage that exist in hundreds of different languages
• Call and response -a person leads by singing a phrase and followed and answered by a group of singers.
• Afrobeat -term used to describe the fusion of West African w/ Black / African
• West African -Islamic music, Indigenous secular music.
• African-American music -umbrella term covering a diverse range of music and musical
• Apala (Akpala) -musical genre from Nigeria in the yoruba tribal style to wake up the worshippers after fasting during the Muslim holy feast of Ramadan
• Yoruba people -West African ethic group that mainly inhabit parts of Nigeria, Benin and Togo.
• Yorubas -Constitute more than 48 million people in Africa.
• • Axe -Popular musical genre from salvador, Bahia and Brazil
• Calypso Music -use of drums, percussion and call-and-response invocations.
• Reggae -variation of ska, music genre w/ combined elements of Caribbean mento and calypso w/ American Jazz and rhythm blues.
• Jit -hard and fast percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums w/ guitar accompaniment influenced by mbira -based guitar styles.
• Mbira -family of musical instruments, traditional to the shona people of Zimbabwe
• lamellaphone -part of the plucked idiophone family of musical instruments..
• Jive -popular form of south African music featuring a lively & uninhibited variation of the jitterbug
• Jiterbug -originally a ridicule used by black patrons to describe whites who started to dance the lindy hop
• Juju -Popular music style from Nigeria that relies on the traditional Yoruba rhythms.
• Yoruba music -known for its extremely advanced drumming tradition, especially using the dundun.
• Kwassa kwassa -music style that begun in zaire in the late 1980's popularized by Kanda Bunge Man
• Kanda Bongo Man -born in Inongo Congo, became the singer for Orchestra Belle Mambo in 1973, developing a suund influenced by Tabu Ley
• Marabi -South African three-chord township music of the 1930s-1960s which evolved into African Jazz, characterized by simple chords in varying vamping patterns & repetitive harmony
• Jazz Scene -grew much as it did in united states
• Maracatu -combination of strong rhythms of African percussion instruments. $ portuguese melodies.
• Blues -one of the most widely performed musical forms of the late 19th century melodles of blues are expressive and suultul.
• Soul -popular music genre of the 1950's & 1960's which originated in the African American community throughout the United States..
• Spiritual - originated in the United States of created by African-American slaves.
• Call and Response - likened to a question and answer sequence in human communication
• Idiophones - instruments that creates sound priinarily by the vibration of the instrument itself
• Agogo - single bell or multiple bells, considered as the oldest samba instrument based on west African Yoruba
• Shekere - type of gourd and shell megaphone from west Africa.
• Slit/Log drum -hollow percussion instrument, usually carved or constructed from bamboo or woud inte a box
• Atingting kon (slit Gong) - hollowed cylinder of wood with a narrow longitudinal opening or slit whose edges are struck to produce of deep sonorous tone.
• Balafon - kind of wooden xylophone or percussion idiophone which play. melodic tunes.
• Rattles - vessels made of seashells, tin basketry, animal houfs. horn, wood. metal, cocuons, palm kernels
• Rasp or scraper - hand percussion instruments whose sound is produced by scraping the notches on a piece of curved wood with a stick
• Membranophone - instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane
• Body Percussion - aside from using voices, they also clap their hands, slap their thighs etc.
• Talking drum - used to send messeges to announce births, deaths, marriages, sporting events, dances initiations or war.
• Djembe - best-known African drums, shaped like a large gublet and played with bare hands
• Lamellaphone - one of the most popular African percussion instrument, set of plucked tongues or keys mounted on the sound board.