DNA and protein synthesis

Cards (12)

Genome
The complete set of genetic info. obtained in the cells of an organism
Proteome
The complete set of proteins that can be produced by a cell
Describe the structure of messenger RNA
A long, single strand
Its base sequence is complementary to the DNA it was transcribed from
Advantages of using mRNA rather than DNA for translation
Shorter and contains uracil - breaks down quickly so no excess polypeptides form
Single-stranded and linear - ribosome moves along strand and tRNA bind to exposed bases
Contains no introns
Describe the structure of transfer RNA
A single strand of 80 nucleotides that is folded over into a clover leaf shape
On one end is an anti codon
On the other end is an amino acid binding site
What is produced y transcription
mRNA
Where does transcription take place
In the nucleus
Outline the process of transcription 
...
Outline the process of translation  
...
What happens to mRNA after transcription
In eukaryotic cells, pre-mRNA must be spliced to remove introns
Then it moves out of the nucleus and attaches onto a ribosome
What is produced by translation
Proteins
Where does translation take place
In the cytoplasm on ribosomes