The Influence on Counselling Psychology

• What belief did Carl Rogers hold about individuals?

  Everyone has the potential for self-growth
• How does Gestalt therapy's view on self-actualization differ from Rogers' view?

  Focuses on immediate action rather than just self-discovery
• What does congruence in humanistic counselling refer to?

  Authentic therapist behavior
• What is the focus of cognitive therapies?

  They focus on thought patterns
• How does the humanistic approach differ from other psychological approaches?

  It suggests people are inherently good
• How does subjectivity affect the outcomes of humanistic counselling?

  Outcomes may vary based on therapist interpretation
• What is a core principle of humanistic counselling related to understanding feelings?

  Empathy
• What are the key components of Rogerian person-centred therapy?

  • Empathy: Understanding client's feelings
  • Congruence: Genuine therapist interactions
  • Unconditional Positive Regard: Non-judgmental acceptance
• Who developed person-centred therapy?

  Carl Rogers
• What does Gestalt therapy focus on instead of past events?

  Current experience
• What are the key techniques used in Gestalt therapy?

  1. Empty chair technique
  2. Role playing
  3. Dream analysis
  4. Paradoxical intention
• How does humanistic counselling differ from cognitive therapies?

  It is more client-centered and focuses on present awareness
• What approach does Gestalt therapy take?

  Holistic approach
• What does self-actualisation refer to in the humanistic approach?

  Personal growth and realization of potential
• How do cognitive therapies view human nature?

  They see it as determined by past experiences
• What outcomes can result from the safe space created in Rogerian therapy?

  Personal growth and self-acceptance
• What is the main difference between humanistic counselling and cognitive therapies?

  Humanistic is holistic; cognitive is reductionist
• What is the empty chair technique in Gestalt therapy?

  Imagining conversations with absent people
• What does role playing involve in Gestalt therapy?

  Acting out scenarios and perspectives
• What does the humanistic approach emphasize?

  The importance of the whole individual
• What methods do humanistic counsellors typically use?

  They use non-experimental methods like interviews
• What does congruence mean in the context of Rogerian therapy?

  The therapist is genuine and authentic
• What is meant by unconditional positive regard in humanistic counselling?

  Accepting the client without judgment
• What does Gestalt therapy emphasize?

  The importance of present awareness and responsibility
• What are crucial elements in Gestalt therapy?

  Present awareness and personal responsibility
• How is dream analysis used in Gestalt therapy?

  Interpreting dreams as current needs
• What does empathy in Rogerian therapy involve?

  The therapist deeply understands the client's feelings
• How does humanistic counselling contribute to personal growth?

  By helping clients achieve self-improvement goals
• Who founded Gestalt therapy?

  Fritz Perls
• What are the limitations of humanistic counselling?

  • Lack of structure for some clients
  • Subjectivity in outcomes
  • Limited focus on behavior change
• How does unconditional positive regard facilitate client growth?

  It promotes self-acceptance in the client
• What are the core principles of humanistic counselling established by key figures?

  • Emphasis on individual potential
  • Focus on personal choice
  • Importance of self-growth and awareness
• Compare the features of humanistic and cognitive therapies.

  • Nature of Humans:
  • Humanistic: Inherently good
  • Cognitive: Determined by past experiences
  • View of Self:
  • Humanistic: Focus on subjective experience
  • Cognitive: Mental processes/thoughts
  • Methods:
  • Humanistic: Non-experimental (interviews)
  • Cognitive: Controlled experiments
  • Focus:
  • Humanistic: Present awareness
  • Cognitive: Thought patterns
• What does the emphasis on free will imply in the humanistic approach?

  People have a choice in their actions
• How does Rogerian therapy create a safe space for clients?

  By allowing exploration of thoughts and emotions
• What does person-centred therapy focus on?

  Empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard
• How does empathy contribute to humanistic counselling?

  It promotes connection and trust between therapist and client
• What is an outcome of humanistic counselling related to self-esteem?

  Feeling positive about oneself
• What is a limitation of humanistic counselling regarding behavior change?

  It may not address specific behaviors effectively
• How does the humanistic approach view behavior motivation?

  It is motivated by an individual's free will