Genetics and inheritance

• A Karyotype

  An individual complete set of chromosomes
• codominant alleles

  2 different alleles, Both fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote
• genotype

  Genetic makeup of an organism and all the alleles it has for a gene/s
• Phenotype

  the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, result from the interaction of its genotype and environmental factors.
• What kind of disorder is sickle cell anemia

  recessive
• why did Gregor mendel use pea plants

  • easy to grow as short life cycle
  • Pollinaction can be controlled
  • Clearly observable charecteristics
• What does inheritance is particulate mean

  When inheritance is described as particulate, it means that genetic traits are passed down through discrete units called genes (or alleles), which remain intact and do not blend together.
• What is an allele

  A different form of a gene on the same locus/ position
• Explain how change of one amino acid can lead to the change in the structure and properties of the haemoglobin protein

  1. Change in dna sequence
  2. Change in amino acid/ primary structure
  3. different r groups
  4. Different type of bonding e.g. hydrogen bonding
  5. Change in shape of active site
  6. substrate doesn’t fit into enzyme active site