light waves

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  • wave is a disturbance that moves energy from one place to another.
  • Light
    • an energy that stimulates the sense of sight and make things visible
    • an electromagnetic wave that can travel even without a medium
    • usually refers to visible light, which is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • Natural sources of light - Light that originates from natural
    sources
    ex: Stars, Sun, Firefly
    ● Artificial sources of light - Light generated by human-made
    sources
    ex: Candle, Light Bulb, Campfire
  • ● Luminous objects - able to produce own light
    ex: Torch, Fire, Flashlight
    ● Non-luminous objects - not able to produce own light
    ex: Moon, wood, Earth
  • As wavelength decreases, the frequency and energy of the wave increase.
  • ● Light travels faster than sound.
    ● In a vacuum, speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s.
    ● Light travels very fast through air, slower through
    water, and even slower through glass.
  • ● Light travels in the form of waves in a straight line
    from the source.
    ○ Light is an example of a transverse wave.
    ○ ray - a single line of light
    ○ beam - consists of a number of adjacent rays
  • Reflection: This is the property of a wave that refers to the bouncing back of waves. When light hits a reflective surface, it will be reflected off that surface.
  • Refraction: This is the change in direction or bending of light as it passes from one medium to another of different optical density.
  • Diffraction: It is the bending of light around corners such that it spreads out and illuminates areas where a shadow is expected.
  • Polarization: ● A light wave that is vibrating in more than one plane is referred to as unpolarized light. Polarized light waves are light waves in which the vibrations occur in a single plane.
    ● The process of transforming unpolarized light into polarized light is known as polarization.
  • Dispersion: ● It is the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths.
    ● It also occurs whenever there is a process that changes the direction of light in a manner that depends on wavelength.