6.1.4 - Nomenclature

• code for longest carbon chain

  1 carbon: meth-

  2 carbons: eth-

  3 carbons: prop-

  4 carbons: but-

  5 carbons: pent-
• carbon bonds code

  single only: -an

  1 or more double: -en

  1 or more triple: -yn
• alkyl group code

  methyl: CH3

  ethyl: CH3CH2

  propyl: CH3CH2CH2

  butyl:CH3CH2CH2CH2
• functional group code

  alkane: -ane

  alkene: -ene

  allkyne: - yne

  alcohol: -ol

  aldehyde: -al

  ketone: - one

  carboxylic acid: - Oic acid
• number of other atoms code

  2: di-

  3: tri-

  4: tetra-
• halogens code

  F: fluoro-

  Cl: chloro-

  Br: bromo-

  I: iodo-
• method to name simple organic compounds

  count number of carbons in longest carbon chain

  count type of carbon-carbon bonds

  identify alkyl groups and what carbon they're on

  identify functional group and what carbon they are on

  see if there are any other halogen atoms, how many and what carbon they are on
• prefix

  set of letters written at the beginning of a name
• suffix

  set of letters written at the end of a name
• locant

  number used to indicate which carbon atom in the chain an atom or group is attached to