SLT explanation of gender

• What does the SLT explanation of gender suggest about boys and girls?

  Boys copy males, girls imitate females
• How do children learn their gender according to SLT?

  By imitating same-sex role models
• What typically follows a child's sex identity?

  Their gender identity
• What is direct reinforcement in gender development?

  Rewarding a child for their behaviour
• What is differential reinforcement?

  Rewarding gender-appropriate behavior
• What is indirect reinforcement?

  Imitating behavior seen rewarded in others
• What does identification mean in the context of SLT?

  Imitating a model they identify with
• Who are considered the most powerful role models for children?

  Parents, similar age, and gender
• What are the mediational processes in SLT?

  Attention, retention, reproduction, motivation
• What does Bandura's concept of self-direction imply?

  Children can direct their own behavior
• What happens once a child internalizes gender-appropriate behaviors?

  Their behavior isn't dependent on external rewards
• What does SLT argue about gender development?

  It is learned through nurture
• What was the aim of Fagot's 1978 study?

  To see if parents treated toddlers differently
• How many toddlers were observed in Fagot's study?

  24 toddlers
• What behaviors were girls reinforced for in Fagot's study?

  Dressing up, asking for help, staying near parents
• What behaviors were boys reinforced for in Fagot's study?

  Playing with sex-appropriate toys like bricks
• What conclusion can be drawn from Fagot's study?

  Parents respond differently to boys and girls
• What evidence supports modeling in SLT according to Perry and Bussey?

  Children selected the same fruit as same-sex models
• How does SLT explain changing gender roles over time?

  Through changes in social explanations and cultural norms
• What did Martin's findings suggest about direct tuition?

  It may be more important than modeling
• Why is it inappropriate to generalize Martin's findings to girls?

  It was only studied on boys
• What is a criticism of SLT regarding social interactions?

  It underestimates biological influences
• What evidence supports the importance of biology in gendered behaviors?

  Buss's findings on partner preferences
• What is a weakness of SLT regarding gender development stages?

  It doesn't explain different stages of development
• Why might siblings develop different gendered behaviors?

  Biological factors may influence their behavior