HEMOGLOBIN SYNTHESIS

• is the iron containing coloring matter of Red blood cells.

  Hb
• Hb is a _ forming

  chromoprotein
• Hb is a chromoprotein forming _of dry weight of_ and _ of wet weight.

  95%

  RBCs

  30% to 34%
• The function of Hb is to carry the ?

  respiratory gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• Hbalso acts as a buffer and its molecular weight is

  68,000
• Average Hb content in blood is

  14 to 16 g/dL
• The Hb values depends upon the _ and _of the individual.

  age

  sex
• Age; At Birth –

  25g/dL
• After 3rd month –

  20g/dL
• After 1 Year –

  17g/dL
• From Puberty onwards –

  14 – 16g/dL
• At the time of birth Hb count is high due to the increased number of RBCs.
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEXES

  In adult males

  13.8 to 17.2 g/dl

  138 to 172 g/L

  In adult females

  12.1 to 15.1 g/dl

  121 to 151 g/L
• HEMOGLOBIN FUNCTIONS

  Transport of Respiratory Gases

  Buffer Action
• Oxygen from the lungs to tissues.

  Carbon dioxide from the tissues to lungs.
• When oxygen binds with Hb, a physical process called _ occurs, resulting in the formation of _.

  oxygenation

  oxyhemoglobin
• The iron remains in ferrous state in this compound

  TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN
• When oxygen is released from oxyhemoglobin. It is called

  reduced hemoglobin or ferrohemoglobin.
• is formed when CO2 is combined with Hb.

  Carbhemoglobin
• Unstable compound and the combination is reversible.

  TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN

  TRANSPORT OF CO2
• The affinity of Hb for CO2 is_ times more than that for Oxygen.

  20
• Hb acts as a buffer and plays an important role in

  the maintenance of

  Acid – Base Balance.
• Hb is a _ protein.

  conjugated
• It consists of a protein combined with an iron – containing pigment.

  Hb
• Protein part is ‘_’ and the iron containing pigment

  is ‘_’.

  globin

  heme
• also forms the structure of Myoglobin and Neuroglobin.

  Heme
• It is present in the Ferrous (Fe2+) form.


  Iron
• It is in unstable or loose form of iron

  Ferrous (Fe2+) form
• In some abnormal condition, iron is in _ state which is a stable form.

  Ferric (Fe3+)
• the pigment part of the heme is called

  porphyrin
• the pigment part of the heme is called porphyrin. It is formed by the 


  pyrrole ring
• These pyrrole rings are attached to one another

  by

  methane (CH4) bridges
• it contains four polypeptide chains.

  Globin
• Globin – it contains _ polypeptide chains.

  four
• Synthesis of hemoglobin actually starts in

  proerythroblastic stage
• Production of Hb continues until the stage of

  reticulocyte
• Heme portion of the hemoglobin is synthesized in _ and the globin part is synthesized in _.

  mitochondria

  ribosomes
• Polypeptide chains of globin are produced in the

  ribosomes
• There are four types of polypeptide chains namely,

  alpha, beta, gamma, and delta chains.
• Each globin molecules is formed by the combination of

  2 pairs of chains and each chain is made of 141 to 146 amino

  acids.