french revolution

• What caused France's bankruptcy despite its wealth?

  Extravagant spending and costly wars
• How was French society structured before the revolution?

  Divided into three estates: Clergy, Nobility, Commoners
• What was the result of the unfair tax system in France?

  It made the poor poorer, causing economic collapse
• What event did King Louis XVI summon in 1789?

  The Estates General
• What was the voting system in the Estates General?

  Each estate had one vote
• Why was the voting system in the Estates General unfair?

  Minority estates could outvote the majority
• What percentage of the population did the Clergy represent?

  0.5%
• What percentage of the population did the Nobility represent?

  1-2%
• What percentage of the population did the Commoners represent?

  96%
• What did the Third Estate do in response to their oppression?

  They formed the National Assembly
• What did King Louis XVI do on June 20, 1789?

  Closed the meeting hall of the Third Estate
• Where did the Third Estate move to after their meeting hall was closed?

  A tennis court
• What was the Tennis Court Oath?

  A vow not to separate until a constitution was created
• What was the original name of the radical group in the Assembly?

  The Club Breton
• What did King Louis XVI do in response to the National Assembly's rise?

  Surrounded Paris with military forces
• What did the people do in response to King Louis XVI's actions?

  Prepared for revolution
• What militia formed to protect the Assembly?

  The Bourgeois Militia
• What did revolutionaries do on July 14, 1789?

  Stormed Hôtel des Invalides for rifles
• What did revolutionaries lack when they stormed Hôtel des Invalides?

  Gunpowder
• Where did revolutionaries turn to seek gunpowder?

  The Bastille
• What happened when the crowd stormed the Bastille?

  They killed guards and beheaded de Launay
• What did the storming of the Bastille signify?

  A turning point in the French Revolution
• What did the National Assembly issue to establish rights?

  The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
• What rights did the Declaration declare for all people?

  Freedom of speech, religion, and fair laws
• How did power shift after the Declaration?

  From the king to the people
• What event occurred on October 5, 1789?

  The Women's March
• What prompted the Women's March?

  High prices and shortages of bread
• What did the Women's March reflect about the people?

  Ongoing struggle and anger among them
• What did King Louis XVI secretly plan to do?

  Flee to Austria with Marie Antoinette
• What was King Louis XVI's hope in fleeing to Austria?

  To restore absolute monarchy with help
• What was the outcome of King Louis XVI's trial?

  He was found guilty and guillotined
• What was the guillotine used for?

  Beheading people during executions
• Who else was executed by guillotine?

  Marie Antoinette
• When did the French Revolution begin and end?

  1789 to November 9, 1799
• What was proclaimed after the monarchy was overthrown?

  Ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity
• What challenges did France face post-revolution?

  Instability and ineffective governance under the Directory
• Who ended the revolutionary period in France?

  Napoleon Bonaparte
• What type of rule did Napoleon establish after the revolution?

  Authoritarian rule