Characteristics of living organisms

• Organ tissues are groups of cells that carry out a particular function.
• The cell is the basic unit of life.
• Living things are made up of cells.
• Cell division is the process by which cells reproduce and increase in number.
• Cells can be classified based on their structure, function, or origin.
• Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made up of cellulose fibers, which provides support to the plant.
• Cells can be found everywhere, from single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like humans.
• Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms found everywhere on Earth.
• Animal cells lack a cell wall but may contain cilia or flagella for movement.
• Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and vacuoles to store water and nutrients.
• Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms with a cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes, and sometimes a capsule or flagellum.
• Animal cells do not have a cell wall but instead have a plasma membrane that regulates what enters and exits the cell.
• Fungi include yeasts, molds, mushrooms, and mildews.
• Animal cells do not have a cell wall but instead rely on other structures such as cytoskeleton proteins for support.
• Cytoplasm contains various substances including enzymes, ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts (in plants), and vacuoles.
• Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts, molds, mushrooms, and lichens.
• Animals are multicellular eukaryotes characterized by mobility and specialized tissues.
• Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms with no membrane-bound nucleus or other membranous structures.
• Eukaryotes are larger than prokaryotes and have more complex internal organization.
• Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound nucleus or other membranous structures.
• Fungi cells have a cell wall composed of chitin instead of cellulose.
• Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus enclosed by nuclear envelope and membranes surrounding various organelles.
• All living organisms share 8 basic characteristics:

  • They need nutrition
  • They excrete their waste
  • They respire
  • They respond to their surroundings
  • They can control their internal conditions
  • They reproduce
  • They grow and develope
• Nutrition: The process of obtaining the energy and nutrients needed for growth and development. Include things like proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamin's and minerals.
• Respiration: The breakdown of glucose to release energy.
• Excretion: The removal of waste products from the body.
• Respond to their surroundings: Reacting to changes in their surroundings and responding to stimuli.
• Movement: The process of changing the position of a body part or the whole body.
• Control their internal conditions: regulate the internal environment of the cell to maintain a constant internal environment. For example, temperature and water content.
• Reproduction: The process of making new individuals of the same species.
• Growth and development: The process of growth and development that occurs during the life span.
• Organelles are tiny structures within cells
• Nucleus: contains genetic material and controls cell activities.
• Cell membrane: A semi-permeable barrier that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves the cell
• Cytoplasm: A gel-like substance that fills the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
• Mitochondria: where aerobic respiration takes place, where most of the energy for cellular respiration is produced
• Ribosomes: Site of protein synthesis in the cell.
• Animal cells contain:

  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
• Plant cells have everything animal cells have but with added things like:

  • Chloroplast
  • Cell wall
  • Vacoule
• Chloroplast: Site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll, and contains DNA