Aims and Hypotheses

• What are the main topics covered in the video?

  Research aims and hypotheses
• What is the difference between research aims and hypotheses?

  Aims outline what to investigate; hypotheses state testable predictions
• Why might a researcher choose to investigate a specific aim?

  Previous research raised interesting questions
• How should a researcher phrase an aim?

  As a clear statement or question
• What is a hypothesis?

  A precise statement that can be tested
• How does a hypothesis differ from a prediction?

  A hypothesis is a testable statement, not a prediction
• What is the null hypothesis?

  It states there is no difference between conditions
• What is the alternate hypothesis?

  It suggests there is a difference between conditions
• What is the principle behind accepting the null hypothesis?

  It is accepted unless strong evidence rejects it
• What is the role of statistical tests in hypothesis testing?

  They provide evidence to accept or reject hypotheses
• What is a directional hypothesis?

  It states the expected direction of results
• When would a researcher use a directional hypothesis?

  If previous research indicates the expected direction
• What is a non-directional hypothesis?

  It states there is a difference but not the direction
• Why should the word "prove" be avoided in scientific writing?

  Science is open to new evidence and falsifiability
• What probability threshold is commonly accepted for the alternate hypothesis in psychology?

  One in 20 or less
• What does accepting the alternate hypothesis imply?

  The evidence is strong enough, but not perfect
• What are the two types of hypotheses in research?

  • Null hypothesis (H0): No difference between conditions
  • Alternate hypothesis (H1): Suggests a difference exists
• What are the differences between directional and non-directional hypotheses?

  • Directional hypothesis: States expected direction of results
  • Non-directional hypothesis: States a difference exists, but not the direction
• What is the importance of operationalizing variables in a hypothesis?

  • Clearly defines how variables are measured
  • Ensures clarity and precision in research
• What is the significance of the term "falsifiability" in science?

  • A theory must be open to being proven false
  • Ensures scientific claims can be tested and challenged
• What resources are available for patrons of psycboost?

  • Bonus resources
  • Tutorial videos
  • Access to a Discord channel
• What is the role of evidence in hypothesis testing?

  • Evidence collected determines acceptance or rejection of hypotheses
  • Strong evidence leads to accepting the alternate hypothesis