The Endocrine System

Cards (28)

  • What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
    To release hormones into the bloodstream
  • How do hormones differ from neurotransmitters?
    Hormones are released by glands, not neurons
  • How many major glands are in the endocrine system?
    Eight major glands
  • What systems do the endocrine glands regulate?
    Metabolism, growth, sleep, and reproduction
  • What psychological factors do hormones influence?
    Emotions and behavior
  • What are the major glands of the endocrine system?
    • Pituitary gland
    • Hypothalamus
    • Pineal gland
    • Thyroid gland
    • Thymus
    • Pancreas
    • Adrenal glands
    • Testes and ovaries
  • What is the pituitary gland often referred to as?
    The master gland
  • What does ACTH stand for?
    Adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • What hormone is released during the fight-or-flight response?
    Cortisol
  • What is the function of the hypothalamus?
    Maintaining homeostasis in the body
  • What hormone does the hypothalamus release?
    Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
  • What does the pineal gland regulate?
    Sleep patterns and circadian rhythm
  • What hormone does the pineal gland release?
    Melatonin
  • What is the main role of the thyroid gland?
    To influence metabolic rate
  • What hormones does the thyroid gland release?
    Thyroid hormones
  • What is the function of the thymus gland?
    Stimulating the development of T-cells
  • What hormone does the thymus gland release?
    Thymosin
  • What does the pancreas regulate?
    Blood sugar levels
  • What hormones does the pancreas release?
    Insulin and glucagon
  • What do the adrenal glands release during stress?
    Cortisol and adrenaline
  • Where are the adrenal glands located?
    On top of each kidney
  • What hormone do testes produce?
    Testosterone
  • What hormone do ovaries produce?
    Estrogen
  • What are the key glands and hormones to focus on for exams?
    • Pituitary gland: ACTH
    • Pancreas: Insulin and glucagon
    • Adrenal glands: Cortisol and adrenaline
    • Testes and ovaries: Testosterone and estrogen
  • How long has the term hormone been in use?
    Just over 100 years
  • What ancient practice involved hormones?
    Extracting sex hormones from urine
  • How long has diabetes been diagnosed?
    For over 2,000 years
  • Who popularized the diagnosis of diabetes?
    Hippocrates