Protein syntheis

• What are proteins?

  • Polymers of amino acids
  • Humans have 20 different amino acids
• What determines the shape and structure of a protein?

  • The order of amino acids
• What is the order of amino acids determined by?

  • Sequence of base for that protein
• What are the two stages of protein synthesis?

  • Transcription( occurs in nucleus)
  • Translation (occurs in cytoplasm)
• What happens in transcription?

  • Base sequence of gene gets copied into mRNA
  • mRNA passes out of nucleus to cytoplasm
• What happens in translation?

  • mRNA molecule attaches to ribosome
  • Amino acids brought to ribosome by tRNA molecules
  • Ribosome reads triplets of bases and joins together in correct order
  • Protein folds into unique shape once chain is complete