Greece

• Who was Penthesilea?

  Queen of the Amazons
• What was Penthesilea's lineage?

  Daughter of Ares and Otrera
• Why did Penthesilea join the Trojan War?

  To seek a glorious death
• What tragic event motivated Penthesilea's desire for death?

  Accidental killing of her sister Hippolyta
• How is Penthesilea's grief portrayed in Greek mythology?

  Common theme of women wishing to die
• Which other women in Greek mythology share similar grief themes?

  Jocasta, Eurydice, and Phaedra
• What distinguishes Penthesilea from other grieving women in mythology?

  She seeks death on the battlefield
• How did Penthesilea and her Amazons arrive at the Trojan War?

  They arrived late, after ten years of conflict
• Who was Hector in the context of the Trojan War?

  The Trojans' best fighter
• What was the state of Trojan morale when Penthesilea arrived?

  Morale was low after Hector's death
• What promise did Penthesilea make to the Trojans?

  To slay Achilles
• How does Quintus Smymaeus describe Penthesilea's arrival?

  She led twelve princesses, all eager for battle
• What happened on the first day of fighting after the Amazons arrived?

  Penthesilea killed many Greek men
• What was the outcome of Penthesilea's promise to kill Achilles?

  She was killed by Achilles instead
• What does Pseudo-Apollodorus say about Achilles' feelings after killing Penthesilea?

  He fell in love with her after her death
• What was the ninth labor of Hercules?

  To bring back Hippolyta's belt
• Where did the Amazons, including Hippolyta, dwell?

  About the river Thermodon
• What did the Amazons do with male offspring?

  They reared only female children
• Why did the Amazons pinch off their right breasts?

  To improve javelin throwing
• What did Hippolyta possess that symbolized her superiority?

  The belt of Ares
• Why did Hercules go to Themiscyra?

  To fetch Hippolyta's belt for Admete
• What caused the conflict between Hercules and the Amazons?

  Hera's deception led to a misunderstanding
• What was the outcome of Hercules' encounter with Hippolyta?

  He killed her and took her belt
• What did Hercules do after fighting the Amazons?

  He sailed away and touched at Troy
• What are the key themes in the story of Penthesilea and the Amazons?

  • Grief leading to a desire for death
  • Blending of masculine and feminine qualities
  • Role of women in warfare
  • Tragic outcomes in Greek mythology
• How do the Amazons challenge traditional gender roles in Greek mythology?

  • They engage in warfare and battle
  • They prioritize female offspring
  • They adopt masculine traits for combat
  • They hold leadership positions
• How can the story of Penthesilea be compared to other Greek myths?

  • Themes of grief and death are common
  • Female characters often face tragic fates
  • Warrior women challenge societal norms
  • Relationships with male heroes are complex
• What roles did women play in religious worship in Greece compared to Rome?

  • Women had significant roles in Greece
  • Participation varied in Roman society
  • Different cultural practices influenced worship
  • Historical context shaped women's involvement
• What is the learning objective of the Warrior Women study material?

  To understand maiden warriors in art and literature
• Who were the Amazons?

  A mythological race of warrior women
• Where did the Greeks believe the Amazons lived?

  On the eastern borders of the Greek world
• What does the varying location of the Amazons suggest about Greek culture?

  It reflects their expanding colonization and imagination
• What type of society did the Amazons have?

  Matriarchal, governed exclusively by women
• How did Amazonian women reject Greek gender norms?

  By governing, farming, and fighting
• What was the purpose of the Amazons visiting neighboring tribes?

  To get pregnant and continue their lineage
• What happened to boys born from Amazon unions?

  They were sent to live with their fathers or abandoned
• What did Herodotus report about Amazonian marriage customs?

  No maiden weds until she kills an enemy
• What does the Amazonian focus on war over marriage suggest about their society?

  War was prioritized over traditional family roles
• What does the practice of removing the right breast symbolize?

  Rejection of femininity for enhanced fighting ability
• What is one interpretation of the Amazon's breast removal practice?

  It symbolizes their preference for masculinity