Juries

• Which document is known for recognizing the right to trial by peers?

  The Magna Carta
• What legal principle was established in Bushell's case regarding the power of jurors?

  Jurors cannot be punished for their verdict
• In R v Ponting, what does jury equity allow juries to do?

  Acquit despite evidence of guilt
• According to the Auld Review, what should juries not do regarding acquittals?

  Acquit against the law
• What specific ruling was made in R v Wang concerning a judge's power over jury verdicts?

  A judge cannot direct a jury to convict
• What is the jury's role in relation to exhibits and other physical items during a trial?

  They examine exhibits, pictures, and weapons
• What is the primary aim of a jury during deliberation?

  To reach a unanimous verdict
• Following at least two hours of deliberation, what action can a judge take if the jury cannot agree?

  Direct a majority verdict
• What constitutes a hung jury in terms of majority verdict?

  Less than 10-2 majority verdict
• What residency requirement must potential jurors meet to be eligible?

  Must be a UK resident for 5 years
• What is the age range for jury eligibility in the UK?

  Aged 18-75
• Who may be excused from jury service under certain conditions?

  Members of the armed forces with a statement
• According to the Juries Act 1974, what restriction applies to jurors with serious convictions?

  They are barred from serving on a jury
• How many jurors are typically summoned initially by computers for a case?

  More than 12 jurors
• What is the standard length of time someone is expected to serve on a jury?

  Two weeks
• What legal consequence might someone face for failing to attend jury service when summoned?

  It is a criminal offence - contempt of court
• In Hanif and Khan v UK, what right did the ECtHR say might be breached by having police officers on juries?

  The right to a fair trial
• How does the presence of legal professionals on juries generally impact jury representativeness?

  It upholds the value of representativeness
• What accommodation is made to enable deaf individuals to perform jury duty?

  With a sign language interpreter present
• What did the Auld Review determine regarding excuses from jury service?

  Same categories kept getting excused
• Which body is responsible for summoning jury members and managing requests for excuses?

  The Jury Central Summoning Bureau
• What is the legal consequence of failing to attend jury service after being summoned?

  It is a criminal offence
• In R v Banks, what was the penalty imposed on Matthew Banks for his actions?

  Jailed for 14 days for contempt
• What was the punishment given to Joanna Fraill in R v Fraill for her misconduct?

  Jailed for eight months for contempt
• What penalty did the jurors in AG v Davey and Beard receive for their contempt of court?

  Each jailed for two months for contempt
• What specific action does Section 71 of the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 prohibit jurors from doing?

  Jurors from researching the case
• According to Section 73 of the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015, what type of evidence are jurors restricted to using?

  Only presented evidence
• What was the outcome in R v Smith and Deane concerning jury conduct?

  Both faced penalties for serious contempt
• What did R v Dallas reveal about jurors conducting their own research during jury service?

  Researching during jury service is prohibited
• What does Section 44 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 permit the prosecution to request?

  Judge-only trials
• Out of a standard jury of twelve, how many jurors must agree to reach a verdict?

  Ten out of twelve must agree
• What was a key aspect of the R v Twomey and others case?

  First trial without a jury approved
• What fundamental principle regarding jurors' decisions is reinforced by Bushell's case?

  Jurors cannot be penalized for decisions
• In what circumstance can a judge dismiss a case entirely?

  If there is insufficient evidence
• How does a representative jury impact the fairness of a trial?

  It helps keep trials fair and unbiased
• Under which Act is the provision regarding jurors with serious convictions found?

  Juries Act 1974