Proteins

• Light absorption occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
• Proteins are the most abundant substances in nearly all cells, accounting for about 15% of a cell's overall mass and for almost half of a cell's dry mass.
• All proteins contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; most also contain sulfur.
• The presence of nitrogen in proteins sets them apart from carbohydrates and lipids, which most often do not contain nitrogen.
• The average nitrogen content of proteins is 15.4% by mass.
• Other elements, such as phosphorus and iron, are essential constituents of certain specialized proteins.
• An extraordinary number of different proteins, each with a different function, exist in the human body.
• A typical human cell contains about 9000 different kinds of proteins, and the human body contains about 100,000 different proteins.
• Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
• Different amino acids have different physicochemical properties and functions.
• Peptide formation can be determined based on IUPAC Rules.
• The physicochemical properties of proteins can be determined.
• Bradykinin is a hypotensive vasodilator.
• Enkephalins are associated with Debie’s condition.
• Methionyl-leucynyl-cysteine is a peptide.
• Gln, His, Asp are non polar amino acids.
• Met is important in the synthesis of red and white blood cells.
• Hydrogen Bonding, Disulfide Bonds, Non-Polar Hydrophobic, Salt Bridges are specific interactions.
• Oxytocin is associated with Debie’s condition.
• Insulin is a potent vasoconstrictor.
• Oxytocin is a neuromodulator in the brain and spinal cord.
• Vasopressin is also associated with Debie’s condition.
• Asparagine is the 21st amino acid.
• Glycoprotein is a protein with a lipid prosthetic group attached to it.
• Glutathione is a pancreatic hormone.
• Hemoglobin carries the oxygen from the lungs to other organs and tissues.
• Proteins can be classified based on the number of peptide chain, chemical composition, level of structural organization, gross structure or shape and functions.
• Etiology and symptoms of protein-related diseases can be explained.
• Proteins are essential for the functioning of cells and organisms.
• Proteins are involved in various bodily processes such as digestion, immune response, and transportation of substances.
• Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary bonds are different types of peptide bonds.
• Marasmus is a protein-related disorder.
• Peptides can be identified and named using the IUPAC rules.
• Signs and symptoms of Marasmus include weight less than 60% of the normal expected body weight for the age, good appetite despite of the low body weight, alert and irritable mood, and absence of edema.
• Lys is a polar basic essential amino acid that increases calcium absorption.
• Proteins are used in various industries such as food, healthcare, and manufacturing.
• Consuming high amounts of any nutrient for a long period of time typically comes with risks, as can be the case with protein.
• These food sources provide 56 grams of protein, which is enough for an adult male.
• Arginylhistidylthreonylglutamylserine is a peptide formed according to the IUPAC rules.
• It is best to choose the overall diet based on a balanced approach to include other nutrients.