IVF

• • Fertilization of egg cell by sperm outside body
• 1. Egg and sperm cells collected from desired species
• 2. Egg cell combined with sperm in petri dish allowing fertilization
• 3. Zygotes cultured until progressed into early stage of development
• 4. Cultured embryo implanted into uterine lining of female
• • Helps individuals with fertility issues and can increase chances of older individuals having offspring
• • Higher chance of fertilization of egg however does not ensure embryo implant into uterine wall
• • Embryos can be screened for genetic disorders
• • In agriculture of cattle industry, reproductive potential of desirable female improved by removing multiple eggs and then fertilising them with desirable sperm. Resultant embryos are implanted into multiple surrogate mothers. However can lead to loss of genetic diversity if same female and male repeatedly used