Structure of DNA and RNA

• What is the primary function of DNA?

  Stores the genetic code that determines traits
• Where is DNA located in the cell?

  Nucleus
• How do the structures of DNA and RNA differ in terms of strands?

  DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded
• How do the nucleobases in DNA and RNA form base pairs?

  • In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Guanine pairs with Cytosine
  • In RNA, Adenine pairs with Uracil, and Guanine pairs with Cytosine
• What sugar does RNA use?

  Ribose
• How many strands does DNA have?

  Double
• What are the key differences between DNA and RNA in terms of their structure and function?

  • DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded
  • DNA has deoxyribose as its sugar, while RNA has ribose
  • DNA stores and transmits genetic information, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis
  • DNA nucleobases are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine, while RNA uses Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil
• How are thymine and uracil related in DNA and RNA?

  Both are complementary to adenine (A)
• What nitrogenous base does RNA use instead of thymine?

  Uracil (U)
• How can DNA and RNA be compared in terms of their roles?

  • DNA: Library of genetic instructions
  • RNA: Messenger delivering instructions to build proteins
• Where is RNA located in the cell?

  Nucleus and cytoplasm
• What sugar does DNA use?

  Deoxyribose
• What is the sugar component of DNA?

  Deoxyribose
• What does RNA stand for?

  Ribonucleic acid
• How does the sugar component differ between DNA and RNA?

  DNA has deoxyribose, RNA has ribose
• What are the four nucleobases found in DNA and RNA?

  • DNA: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
  • RNA: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
• What are the components of the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

  • Phosphate groups
  • Sugar (deoxyribose)
• What is the formula to calculate the area of a circle?

  $A =$$\pi r^2$
• What are the key differences between DNA and RNA?

  • Sugar: DNA has deoxyribose; RNA has ribose
  • Strand: DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded
  • Location: DNA is in the nucleus; RNA is in nucleus and cytoplasm
• What is the structure of DNA?

  Double-stranded helix shape
• How many strands does RNA have?

  Single
• If the DNA sequence is 5'-ATCG-3', what is the complementary RNA sequence?


  5'-UAGC-3'
• How does adenine pair in DNA compared to RNA?

  DNA pairs A with T, RNA pairs A with U
• What is the name of the molecule shown in the image?

  DNA
• What are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA?

  Nucleotides
• What nitrogenous base replaces thymine in RNA?

  Uracil (U)
• What are the names of the two nucleic acid base pairs shown?

  • Thymine / Uracil pairs with Adenine
  • Cytosine pairs with Guanine
• How many hydrogen bonds are formed between the base pairs shown?

  Thymine/Uracil pairs with Adenine have 2 hydrogen bonds, Cytosine pairs with Guanine have 3 hydrogen bonds
• What is the key difference between DNA and RNA?

  One of the pyrimidine bases
• Why are the sugar-phosphate backbones important in DNA?

  They hold the nitrogenous bases
• Which pyrimidine base is found only in RNA?

  Uracil
• What does DNA stand for?

  Deoxyribonucleic acid
• What are the components of the DNA backbone?

  Sugar and phosphate
• Which pyrimidine base is found only in DNA?

  Thymine
• What is the name of the sugar molecule that makes up the backbone of DNA?

  Deoxyribose
• What is the presence of nucleobases in DNA and RNA?

  • DNA: Thymine (T), Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)
  • RNA: Uracil (U), Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)
• What nitrogenous base does DNA use instead of uracil?

  Thymine (T)
• What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?

  A, U, C, G
• How many hydrogen bonds are formed between each of the base pairs?

  • Thymine / Uracil pairs with Adenine: 2 hydrogen bonds
  • Cytosine pairs with Guanine: 3 hydrogen bonds
• What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

  A, T, C, G