Biosynthesis Test Review

• DNA and RNA are made up of?

  Nucleotides
• What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

  Deoxyribose (Sugar), Phosphate Group, Nitrogen-Containing Base
• DNA contains sugar?

  Deoxyribose
• RNA contains the sugar?

  Ribose
• DNA unwinding and unzipping is the process of?

  DNA Replication
• What is the enzyme that unzips DNA for Replication?

  Helicase
• What is the enzyme that adds nucleotides forming a new strand of DNA?

  DNA polymerase
• DNA is called?

  Semiconservative
• DNA—->mRNA?

  Transcription
• Transcription occurs in the?

  Nucleus
• mRNA —->tRNA—->protein is?

  Translation
• Where does Translation occur and on?

  Cytoplasm; Ribosomes
• The final product of Transcription is?

  mRNA
• The final product of Translation is?

  Protein Molecule
• What base does RNA contain instead of Thymine?

  Uracil
• What’s the purpose of mRNA?

  Carries genetic instructions from DNA to the Ribosome
• What’s the purpose of tRNA?

  Transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make protein
• RNA Polymerase is a?

  enzyme
• RNA Polymerase enzyme helps build what strand during Transcription?

  mRNA
• What molecule contains codons?

  mRNA
• What molecule contains anticodons?

  tRNA
• What’s the mutation that changes only one base/molecule?

  Point mutation or Substitution
• Name the two types of Frameshift Mutations that may change many amino acids in a sequence?

  Insertion and deletion.
• Plants and animals all have what that contains their DNA?

  Nucleus
• Every gene in your DNA has the code to make a specific?

  Protein
• What type of molecule are the most enzyme?

  Proteins
• What is true about introns and exons?

  Introns are non-coding regions, exons are coding regions