treatments

• What is the main topic of this lesson?

  Treating phobias
• What model is discussed regarding the origin of phobias?

  The two-process model
• What types of conditioning are involved in phobia acquisition?

  Classical and operant conditioning
• What does the behaviorist approach suggest about behavior?

  All behavior is learned
• How can we reverse phobia conditioning according to the behaviorist approach?

  By undoing the conditioning received
• What are the two forms of behavioral therapy discussed for treating phobias?

  • Systematic desensitization
  • Flooding
• What is the goal of systematic desensitization?

  To reduce a response to a particular stimulus
• What is the response and stimulus in the context of phobias?

  Response is fear; stimulus is the phobia
• What principle does systematic desensitization work off?

  Classical conditioning principle
• What is counter conditioning in systematic desensitization?

  Learning a new response to a stimulus
• What does reciprocal inhibition mean?

  Two opposing feelings can't coexist
• What are the three processes involved in systematic desensitization?

  1. Anxiety hierarchy
  2. Relaxation techniques
  3. Exposure to the stimulus
• What is an anxiety hierarchy?

  A ranking of fear-inducing situations
• How does someone with arachnophobia create their anxiety hierarchy?

  By ranking spider-related situations by fear
• What relaxation techniques can be used in systematic desensitization?

  Meditation and breathing exercises
• What happens after achieving relaxation in systematic desensitization?

  Move on to the next level of fear
• What is flooding in the context of phobia treatment?

  Massive exposure therapy without gradual steps
• How long are flooding sessions typically?

  Often a couple of hours
• Why does flooding work?

  It leads to extinction of the learned response
• What is extinction in the context of flooding?

  Conditioned stimulus encountered without fear
• What happens when the conditioned stimulus is experienced without the unconditioned stimulus?

  The fear response becomes extinct
• What is the overall aim of treating phobias using these methods?

  • Reduce fear responses
  • Enable coping with feared stimuli
  • Promote relaxation in anxiety-inducing situations