Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)

• What are the four fat-soluble vitamins?

  Vitamin A, D, E, and K
• What are the fat-soluble vitamins?

  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin K
• What is the role of the liver and kidneys in the activation of vitamin D?

  Vitamin D must be chemically modified first by the liver and then by the kidneys to function
• What are the effects of active vitamin D on bone metabolism?

  • Active vitamin D increases bone breakdown, which releases calcium and phosphorus into the blood
  • At the kidneys, calcium retention is stimulated, reducing the amount lost in the urine
  • This helps maintain normal blood calcium and phosphorus levels to support mineralization of the bones
• Why is normal blood calcium important?

  It supports bone mineralization
• What happens to bones when calcium levels are low?

  Bones release calcium if needed
• What are the sources of Vitamin D?

  Sunlight, fatty fish, fortified milk
• Which foods are sources of Vitamin E?

  Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, leafy greens
• What is the first step in vitamin D absorption?

  Sunlight or food sources provide vitamin D
• What are the functions and sources of fat-soluble vitamins?

  • Vitamin A:
  • Function: Vision, skin health, immune system
  • Sources: Dairy, eggs, colorful fruits/vegetables
  • Vitamin D:
  • Function: Bone health, calcium absorption
  • Sources: Sunlight, fatty fish, fortified milk
  • Vitamin E:
  • Function: Antioxidant, protects cells from damage
  • Sources: Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, leafy greens
  • Vitamin K:
  • Function: Blood clotting, bone development
  • Sources: Leafy greens, broccoli, Brussels sprouts
• What is the source of vitamin D in the body?

  Sunlight
• How does vitamin D enter the body?

  Vitamin D enters the body from the diet or the synthesis in the skin
• What is the function of Vitamin E?

  Protects cells from damage as an antioxidant
• How is vitamin D modified in the body?

  Liver and kidneys chemically modify it
• What are the sources of Vitamin K?

  Leafy green vegetables, broccoli, Brussels sprouts
• What health problems can arise from a deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins?

  It can lead to certain health problems
• What is the function of Vitamin A?

  Helps with vision, skin health, immune system
• How can you remember the four fat-soluble vitamins?

  Using the mnemonic ADKE
• What are the deficiency effects of Vitamin D?

  • Bone weakness
  • Increased risk of fractures
• What is the function of Vitamin K?

  Aids blood clotting and bone development
• What is the relationship between fat-soluble vitamins and health problems?

  Deficiencies in these vitamins lead to specific health issues
• How do kidneys contribute to calcium regulation?

  They regulate calcium levels in the blood
• What acronym can help remember fat-soluble vitamins?

  ADKE
• What role does active vitamin D play in the body?

  Enhances intestinal absorption of calcium
• What are the potential toxicity effects of Vitamin A?

  • Nausea
  • Headaches
  • Liver damage
  • Birth defects
• What are the deficiency effects of Vitamin K?

  • Excessive bleeding
  • Impaired blood clotting
• Why is it important to follow recommended intake levels of fat-soluble vitamins?

  To avoid harmful toxicity effects
• What are fat-soluble vitamins?


  Nutrients that dissolve in fat and are stored
• What are the key steps in the activation of vitamin D?

  1. Vitamin D enters the body from the diet or synthesis in the skin
  2. Vitamin D must be chemically modified first by the liver and then by the kidneys to function
• What are the potential toxicity effects of Vitamin E?

  • Increased bleeding risk
  • Gastrointestinal issues
• What are fat-soluble vitamins?


  Vitamins that require fat for absorption
• What are the steps of vitamin D absorption in the body?

  1. Sunlight or food sources provide vitamin D
  2. Liver and kidneys chemically modify it
  3. Active vitamin D enhances intestinal absorption of calcium
  4. Kidneys regulate calcium levels and bones release calcium if needed
  5. Normal blood calcium supports bone mineralization
• How does a lack of Vitamin D affect bones?

  It makes bones brittle, increasing fracture risk
• How does active vitamin D affect calcium and phosphorus levels in the body?

  Active vitamin D will increase the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines
• What are the potential toxicity effects of Vitamin K?

  • Rare toxicity
  • Can interfere with blood-thinning medications
• What is the function of Vitamin D?

  Essential for bone health by absorbing calcium
• Which foods are sources of Vitamin A?

  Dairy products, eggs, colorful fruits/vegetables
• Why do fat-soluble vitamins need fat for absorption?

  They require fat to be absorbed properly
• How do fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins?

  They don't need to be consumed daily
• What are the deficiency effects of Vitamin E?

  • Nerve damage
  • Muscle weakness