gene cloning

• producing many identical copies of specific gene. used in medicine, DNA and genome sequencing commonly
• 1. same restriction enzyme cuts out target gene from source DNA and cuts open bacterial plasmid vector
• 2. target gene inserted into plasmid using a DNA ligase enzyme
• 3. plasmid containing target gene is introduced to host bacterial cell via transformation
• 4. host bacterial cell replicates via binary fission making copies of desired gene and own dna
• invitro process involves using pcr to amplify the gene. widely used in seeuqncing DNA and generating DNA profiles
• gene clloning carefully regulated technique largely accepted today and used routinely in many labs
• cloning specific genes to develop treatments for diseases e.g human insulin gene placed into bacterial plasmid to be mass produced to treat diabetes
• dna and genome sequencing to obtain dna sequence of different species that can be compared to understand evolutionary relationships and cahgne to DNA sequences over time and mapping locations of genes within genome
• generating dna profiles to compare dna samples between people for forensic analysis or paternity testing