Free will and determinism

    Cards (31)

    • What is meant by deterministic processes in science?
      • Predictable outcomes based on causal factors
      • Examples include physics, biology, and chemistry
      • Essential for the scientific method
    • What is the conflict between determinism and free will?
      Determinism suggests behavior is not in our control.
    • What is the scientific emphasis on causal explanations?
      It helps explain and predict human behavior.
    • How does psychology use causal explanations?
      To understand and predict human behavior.
    • What is the role of independent and dependent variables in experiments?
      Independent variables are manipulated to observe effects.
    • What does soft determinism suggest?
      We have some control over our behavior.
    • What do environmental determinists believe?
      Experiences shape our behavior.
    • What is reciprocal determinism according to Bandura?
      Actions influence the environment and vice versa.
    • What does biological determinism focus on?
      Genetics and biological processes influence behavior.
    • What did Freud believe about unconscious forces?
      They determine behavior through innate drives.
    • What is the significance of face validity in free will arguments?
      It feels like we have free will.
    • How does biological determinism relate to mental illness?
      It links symptoms to neurotransmitter imbalances.
    • What is the critique of viewing behavior as determined by a single factor?
      Behavior results from multiple interacting factors.
    • What does cognitive neuroscience research suggest about decision-making?
      Decisions are made before conscious awareness.
    • What does the research by Leber in the 1980s indicate?
      Readiness potential occurs before conscious decisions.
    • What is the implication of feeling free will according to determinism?
      It may be an illusion shaped by biology.
    • How can understanding determinism help in personal growth?
      It allows for forgiveness of oneself and others.
    • What is the role of societal understanding of determinism?
      It can help change harmful behaviors.
    • What is the focus of the scientific method in psychology?
      To create and test causal explanations.
    • What is the significance of understanding causal factors in behavior?
      It helps in predicting and influencing behavior.
    • What does the term "determinism" imply about human traits?
      They are influenced by external and internal forces.
    • How does the concept of free will relate to personal responsibility?
      It raises questions about accountability for actions.
    • What is the relationship between conscious decisions and determinism?
      Conscious decisions may be predetermined by biology.
    • What is the implication of the illusion of free will?
      It suggests our decisions are influenced by prior causes.
    • How can understanding determinism affect interpersonal relationships?
      It can foster forgiveness for others' actions.
    • What is one advantage of determinism?
      It has practical applications
    • What is a problem with both biological and environmental determinism?
      Neither internal or external factors on their own explain all behaviours
    • What have twin studies found?
      MZ twins have a concordance rate of 40% for SZ compared to only 7% in DZ twins
    • What is a further problem with determinism?
      It is incompatible with the legal system
    • What are the strengths of the notion of free will?
      Everyday experience gives us the impression that we are exercising free will, giving face validity
    • What does having a high locus of control mean?
      the person is more likely to resist the pressure to conform