Unit 2

• Action potential is the movement of Na and K ions across the membrane of a neuron.
• Afferent neurons accept signals
• Motor neurons send signals
• Efferent neurons send signals from the brain
• Interneurons are cells that connect neurons to other neurons and relay messages between the brain and the spinal cord
• The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
• The peripheral nervous system is everything else
• The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movement and receives input from sensory receptors.
• The automatic nervous system is responsible for involuntary actions like breathing. It is made up of the sympathetic NS (speeds up) and the parasympathetic NS (slows down)
• GABA is an inhibitory NT
• Glutamate is an excitatory NT
• Acetylcholine helps memory
• Oxytocin is the love hormone
• Agonists mimic NT
• Antagonists block NT
• Endocrine system sends hormones throughout the body
• The pituitary gland is controlled by the hypothalamus
• EEGs scan the brain
• CT/MRIs show brain structure
• PET scans use glucose to show brain activity
• FMRI oxygen shows blood flow in the brain and is used to show brain activity
• A lesion is the destruction of brain tissue