Unit 5

• Automatic encoding requires no effort
• Effortful encoding require attention
• Imagery attached a picture to info
• Self-referent encoding remember things because it's interesting or concerns you
• Dual encoding combining different encoding aids
• Chunking is an encoding aid that breaks info into smaller units
• Mnemonics is an encoding aid that uses a phrase as a short cut
• Method of loci uses location to remember a list in order
• Peg word using rhyme to remember a list in order
• Sensory memeory stores all incoming stimuli received if paying attention
• Iconic memory is visual memory
• Echoic memory is auditory memory
• Short term memory is info passes from sensory memory to short term memory
• Rehearsal is the act of repeating info to reset the clock
• Working memory splits short-term memory into visual spacial memory and phonological loop and puts it together before sending to LTM
• Long-term memory lasts a lifetime and can be explicit (conscious) episodic (events), semantic (facts), and implicit (unconscious)
• Schemas is the preexisting mental concept of how something should look
• Procedural memory is knowing how to do a skill and is stored in the cerebellum
• Acetylcholine neurons in the hippocampus stores most memories
• Longterm potentiation connections strengthen overtime with repeated stimuli
• Proactive inference is when old info blocks new info
• Retroactive inference is when new info blocks old info
• Anterograde amnesia is when you forget new info and retrograde info is when you forget old info
• Phonemes are the smallest unit of sound and Morphene is the smallest unit that carries meaning
• Syntax is the rules for creating sentences and surface structures is what is actually a sentence
• Nativistic theory is that language is innate and linguistic determination is the idea that language determines how we think
• Metacognition is thinking about the way you think
• INductive reasoning is data-driven decisions
• Deductive reasoning decisions driven by logic
• Divergent thinking is th eability to think about many different things
• Convergent thinking limits creativity
• Crystal intelligence is reasoning and verbal skills and Fluid intelligence is spacial ability and abstract thinking