Glycolysis

• Glucose is phosphorylated (activated) through the hydrolysis of 2 ATP molecules to provide 2 phosphate molecules.
• Hexose biphosphate (6C sugar) splits into two triose phosphate molecules (3C sugar).
• Triose phosphate is oxidised through the removal of hydrogen (2 hydrogen ions are removed per TP molecule) due to the action of dehydrogenase enzymes.
• Hydrogen ions are transferred to a carrier called NAD which forms reduced NAD which is used in the electron transport chain.
• TP is converted to pyruvate which is used in the Kreb's cycle.
• Net products per 1 glucose molecule are: 2 pyruvate molecules (3C sugar), 2 molecules of ATP and 2 reduced NAD.
• Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol and does not require oxygen
• Glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate which is needed for the Kreb's cycle