types of attachment

• What are the variations in how young children interact with their mothers?

  Some are independent, others are clingy
• What is the focus of Mary Ainsworth's research?

  To categorize early attachment styles in infants
• What is the name of Ainsworth's technique for assessing attachment?

  The Strange Situation
• What similarities and differences did Ainsworth find in attachment styles across cultures?

  Similarities in styles, differences in expression
• What does Ainsworth's research suggest about maternal sensitivity?

  It shapes attachment types in infants
• What are the key behaviors indicating an infant's attachment to their caregiver?

  • Maintaining closeness to the mother
  • Anxiety around strangers
  • Distress when separated from the mother
  • Reaction upon reunion with the mother
  • Mother's ability to interpret infant's needs
• What is the classification system introduced by Ainsworth for infant attachment?

  Three types: secure, insecure avoidant, insecure resistant
• How do infants with insecure avoidant attachment behave?

  They show detachment and limited stranger anxiety
• What characterizes infants with secure attachment type B?

  They explore confidently but return to mother
• What behaviors do infants with insecure resistant attachment exhibit?

  Clinginess, high anxiety, and ambivalent reactions
• What are the stages of Ainsworth's Strange Situation designed to assess?

  1. Infant's willingness to explore
  2. Stranger anxiety
  3. Separation anxiety
  4. Reunion behavior
  5. Infant's ability to deal with stress
• What percentage of infants in Ainsworth's study were securely attached?

  Approximately 66% of the sample
• What is the significance of maternal responsiveness in attachment types?

  It influences the infant's attachment style
• What are the criticisms of the Strange Situation regarding cultural bias?

  It may not apply to all cultural contexts
• What does the term "imposed etic" refer to in cultural research?

  Applying one culture's norms to all cultures
• How does Kagan's perspective challenge Ainsworth's conclusions?

  It suggests temperament, not attachment, is observed
• What did Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's meta-analysis reveal about attachment styles across cultures?

  • Secure attachment is most prevalent globally
  • Insecure resistant is the rarest type
  • Avoidant attachment is more common in Western cultures
  • Cultural differences influence attachment behaviors
• What percentage of securely attached infants was found in the UK according to Van Ijzendoorn's study?

  75% of infants
• What cultural practice might explain the high number of avoidant infants in Germany?

  Encouraging independence in children
• What might explain the high levels of insecure resistant infants in Japan?

  Mothers keeping infants close in early years
• What is a limitation of Van Ijzendoorn's meta-analysis regarding sample size?

  Some countries had only one study represented
• How does the passage of time affect the relevance of Ainsworth's study?

  Family dynamics have changed significantly
• What does the term "cultural bias" imply in the context of attachment studies?

  Assuming Western norms apply globally
• What is the significance of the findings from Simonelli's study on modern Italian infants?

  Reduction in securely attached infants observed
• How does the dominance of secure attachment across cultures support Bowlby's theory?

  Indicates a biological drive for secure attachment
• What is a significant limitation of the Strange Situation's controlled environment?

  It doesn't mimic the familiarity of home
• What does the variation within countries suggest about attachment studies?

  Attachment behaviors vary significantly within cultures
• How does the large sample size in Van Ijzendoorn's meta-analysis benefit the findings?

  It dilutes the impact of poorly conducted studies
• What is the risk of assuming one culture's attachment norms apply to all cultures?

  It leads to cultural bias in research
• Who supported the channel on Patreon for additional resources?

  Kat Posnik and Ahmed Romani
• What is the purpose of the Psych Boost flashcard app?

  To test knowledge with multiple choice questions