influence of early attachment

• How do early relationships with parents influence future relationships?

  They can prepare or hinder relationship success
• What can be investigated to see if early attachment influences relationships?

  Comparing attachment styles in infancy and later
• What is the continuity hypothesis in attachment theory?

  Future relationships follow patterns from infancy
• Who proposed the concept of the internal working model?

  John Bowlby
• What does the internal working model include?

  Expectations about trust and affection in relationships
• What are the three attachment styles identified by Ainsworth?

  Secure, avoidant, and anxious
• What happens to insecure infants in later relationships?

  They struggle to form effective relationships
• What is Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory?

  Disrupted care leads to social and emotional difficulties
• How many responses did Hazan and Shaver receive for their love quiz?

  620 responses
• What percentage of participants were classified as secure in Hazan and Shaver's study?

  56%
• What correlation did Hazan and Shaver find in their research?

  Between adult attachment style and infant attachment type
• What did McCarthy's study find about securely attached infants?

  They had long-lasting secure adult relationships
• What parenting style is linked to children who are bullies?

  Low warmth and high neglect
• What did Verissimo's study indicate about fathers?

  A good early relationship leads to more friends
• How can understanding early attachment influence education?

  It can help develop effective internal working models
• What is a criticism of research on early and later attachments?

  It relies on correlational data
• What is Kagan's temperament hypothesis?

  Babies have inherited high or low reactivity
• What does the continuity hypothesis suggest about relationships?

  They are deterministic and repeat patterns
• What are the implications of early attachment on adult relationships?

  • Influences relationship stability
  • Affects social abilities
  • Can lead to generational patterns of dysfunction
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Hazan and Shaver's research?

  Strengths:

  • Large sample size
  • Correlation with previous studies

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Relies on self-report data
  • Potential for social desirability bias
• What practical applications arise from understanding early attachment?

  • Inform early years education
  • Reduce bullying and loneliness
  • Improve relationship stability in adulthood