1.1 Monomers and Polymers

Cards (11)

  • Biological molecules
    • Organic compounds
    • made within/by a living organism
    • Carbon
  • Monomers
    small, individual molecules that join to make polymers
  • Polymers
    Long chains of repeating monomers that are joined through polymerisation.
  • Monomer: Monosaccharide
    Polymer: Starch/ glucose/ cellulose
  • Monomer: Amino Acid
    Polymer: Proteins
  • Monomer: Nucleotides
    Polymer: DNA/RNA
  • Condensation
    • Forms a covalent bond between 2 molecules
    • Water is released
    • Typically happens between 2 hydroxl groups
  • Hydrolysis
    • Splits molecules
    • Uses water
    • Breaks covalent bonds
  • Ionic bonding
    • Non-metal and metal
    • electrons move from metal to non-metal
    • Form positive and negative ions
    • Drawn together by electrostatic charge
  • Covalent Bonding
    • share electrons
    • non-metal and non-metal
    • want full outershells
    • strong bond
    • Form new molecules
  • Hydrogen bonds
    • electrons move in their shells
    • atoms polarise and attract each other
    • weak electrostatic interactions
    • always involves hydrogen
    • individually, not strong bonds
    • stabalise polymers
    • cause the cohesion of water molecules