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Biology: Excretion
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Created by
Ayaan Huda
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Cards (47)
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Producing
urine
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What is the role of the bladder in the urinary system?
Stores urine until
excretion
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What are the main parts of the urinary system?
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
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What is the bundle of capillaries called where blood is filtered?
Glomerulus
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Where does ultrafiltration take place in the nephron?
Bowman's capsule
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Where does selective reabsorption occur?
Proximal tubule
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How much glucose is reabsorbed into the blood?
All
glucose
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What processes are involved in glucose reabsorption?
Selective reabsorption
,
diffusion
,
active transport
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What is the site of action for ADH?
Collecting duct
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What effect does increased ADH secretion have?
Increased
permeability
of
collecting duct
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Where is ADH produced?
Pituitary gland
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What is excretion?
Getting rid of toxic waste products of
metabolism
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What is osmoregulation?
Control
of
water
concentration
in blood
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Why is it important for kidneys to control water and salt concentration?
Maintains
homeostasis
in the body
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What are the excretory products of the lungs?
CO₂
from
respiration
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What are the excretory products of the skin?
Water
and salts
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What do the kidneys excrete?
Urea
and excess water
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What are the three main layers of the kidney?
Cortex
Medulla
Pelvis
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What happens when blood arrives at the kidneys?
Blood is
ultrafiltered
; waste is removed
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What substances move into the kidney nephron?
Water
,
urea
,
glucose,
salts
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Why is protein not found in the urine of a healthy person?
It is too
large
to be
filtered
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What happens to urine concentration and volume on a hot day?
Concentration
increases,
volume
decreases
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What is selective reabsorption?
Reabsorption of
certain
substances
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Where does selective reabsorption occur?
In the
proximal tubule
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What hormone controls water reabsorption?
ADH
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What does ADH do?
Increases
permeability
of
collecting
duct
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Why is glucose not found in the urine of a healthy person?
All
glucose
is
reabsorbed
back
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What hormone does the pituitary gland produce?
ADH
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What is the primary function of ADH?
Controls
water reabsorption
into the blood
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What happens when you drink too little water?
Blood
concentration
increases
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How does the hypothalamus respond to low water intake?
Instructs the pituitary gland to produce more
ADH
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What effect does ADH have on the collecting ducts?
Makes them more
permeable
to water
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What is the result of high ADH levels in the blood?
More water is
reabsorbed
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How does urine change with high ADH levels?
It becomes more
concentrated
and darker
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What are the main components of the nephron?
Glomerulus
Bowman's capsule
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting ducts
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What happens if you drink excessive amounts of water?
Blood
concentration
decreases
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What does the pituitary gland do when blood concentration decreases?
Produces less
ADH
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How does decreased ADH affect the collecting duct?
Makes it less
permeable
to water
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What is the effect of decreased water reabsorption on blood concentration?
Blood concentration
increases
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How does urine change with decreased ADH levels?
It contains more
water
and is lighter
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See all 47 cards
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