sleep and dreaming

• What is the activation synthesis theory of dreaming?

  It suggests dreams are created from random neural activity
• What increases during dreaming according to the activation synthesis theory?

  Neuronal activity in the pons
• What are the key debates in the study of dreaming?

  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Reductionism vs. Holism
  • Subjective vs. Objective analysis
• What does reductionism focus on in brain activity?

  Narrow view of brain activity
• What is the Freudian theory of dreaming based on?

  Unconscious mind and wish fulfillment
• What travels to the cerebral cortex during sleep?

  Brain waves
• What does synthesis in dreaming refer to?

  Making sense of random signals
• What role does the limbic system play in dreaming?

  It is involved in emotional processing
• What is a limitation of the activation synthesis theory?

  It oversimplifies complex brain activity
• What was the aim of Williams et al. (1992) study on dreams?

  • To investigate the bizarreness of dreams
  • Analyze how dreams relate to fantasies
• What procedure was used in Williams et al. (1992) study?

  Participants kept a dream journal
• What was a finding from Williams et al. (1992) study?

  Dreams often contain bizarre elements
• What is a limitation of the Williams et al. (1992) study?

  Dependent on participant's recall ability
• What was Freud's (1918) aim in analyzing the Wolfman?

  • To explore the unconscious mind
  • To understand dream symbolism
• What research method was used in Freud's analysis of the Wolfman?

  Case study
• What was a finding from Freud's analysis of the Wolfman?

  Dreams reveal unconscious conflicts
• What are the applications of research on sleep and dreaming?

  • Improve sleep problems
  • Understand psychological disorders
  • Enhance therapeutic practices
• What is a limitation of sleep research?

  Often relies on subjective reports
• How does neuropsychology relate to sleep?

  Studies brain functions during sleep
• What might be a method to improve sleep problems?

  Implementing cognitive behavioral therapy
• What are the key components of sleep cycles?

  • REM sleep
  • Non-REM sleep stages
  • Sleep duration and quality
• What is slow wave sleep?

  Type of deep sleep where brain activity is slow