social influence

• What are the two key debates in social influence?

  NATURE vs. NURTURE and REDUCTIONISM
• What does reductionism refer to in social influence?

  It refers to dispositional and situational factors
• What does determinism imply in the context of social influence?

  It implies external situational factors affect obedience
• What are the effects of dispositional factors on behavior?

  • Influences individual behavior
  • Relates to personality traits
  • Affects decision-making processes
• What is the locus of control in social psychology?


  It refers to individuals' belief about control over events
• How does morality relate to pro-social and anti-social behavior?


  Lower levels of morality lead to anti-social behavior
• What personality type is associated with higher obedience levels?

  Authoritarian personality
• What is the influence of the brain on conformity?


  Brain structure affects conformity levels
• What brain region is linked to conformity?


  Hippocampus
• What does the volume of grey matter in the brain indicate?


  It relates to conformity tendencies
• What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in social behavior?


  It is involved in decision-making processes
• What are the limitations of studying social influence?


  • Lack of connection between factors
  • Limited generalizability of findings
  • Potential biases in research methods
• What was the aim of Morrell et al. (2011) study?


  To study young people's response to riots
• How many participants were in the Morrell et al. (2011) study?

  36 participants
• What was a key finding of the Morrell et al. (2011) study?

  Majority conformed to group opinions
• What does deindividuation refer to in social behavior?

  Loss of self-awareness in groups
• How does culture influence pro-social and anti-social behavior?

  Collectivist cultures promote pro-social behavior
• What is agency theory in social influence?

  It describes the agentic state of obedience
• What was the sample size in Bickman (1974) study?

  253 participants
• What was the procedure in Bickman (1974) study?

  Participants were approached and questioned
• What was ensured for participants in Bickman (1974) study?

  Informed consent and confidentiality
• What are the applications of research in social influence?

  • Changing attitudes towards mental health stigma
  • Reducing discrimination in society
  • Influencing public behavior through campaigns
• What is minority influence in social psychology?


  A small group can change the majority's opinion
• How does majority influence affect behavior?

  It can change attitudes and behaviors of others
• What is the relationship between obedience levels and group pressure?


  Higher group pressure leads to higher obedience
• What are the limitations of studies on social influence?

  • Lack of representative samples
  • Potential biases in participant responses
  • Difficulty in replicating results
• Who conducted the study into obedience and the social power of a uniform?

  Bickman
• What was the main focus of Bickman's 1976 study?

  Obedience and social power of a uniform
• What were the key components of Experiment 1 in Bickman's study?

  • Focused on social alliance
  • Used confederates fulfilling roles
• What type of experiment was Experiment 2 in Bickman's study?

  Field experiment
• Where was Experiment 2 conducted?

  Streets of New York
• What were the independent variables in Experiment 2?

  • Guard versus civilian's costume
  • Surveillance versus non-surveillance
• How many adult pedestrians participated in Experiment 2?

  48 adult pedestrians
• What was the estimated average age of participants in Experiment 2?

  46 years
• What task did the confederate give to participants in Experiment 2?

  To give a dime to a stranger for parking
• What were the two conditions regarding the confederate's behavior in Experiment 2?

  • Confederates stood by participants after giving orders
  • Confederates walked away after giving orders
• What type of method was used in Experiment 3A?

  Questionnaire
• How many scenarios were included in the questionnaire of Experiment 3A?

  29 different scenarios
• Who comprised the sample in Experiment 3A?

  141 college students
• What were participants in Experiment 3A asked to evaluate?

  If each request was legitimate