5.3.3 Theoretical and Computer Models

• Why are models important in psychology?

  They help understand, explain, and predict mind functions
• How do models facilitate communication of ideas in psychology?

  By providing simplified representations of complex processes
• How do Theoretical Models help in explaining cognitive processes?

  They provide a visual representation of processes
• If a student wants to remember information for a long time, which memory process should they focus on according to the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  Consolidation
• How do Theoretical Models represent cognitive processes?

  They use abstract symbols and connections
• What is the name of the memory model described in the image?

  Multi-Store Memory Model
• What is the purpose of the Sensory Memory according to the model?

  To receive and briefly store sensory input from the environment
• What are Theoretical Models?

  Diagrams or descriptions of cognitive processes
• In what way do Theoretical Models assist in prediction?

  They help predict how people will think or behave
• What are the key differences between Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory in the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  Short-Term Memory:

  • Limited capacity and duration
  • Temporary storage

  
  

  Long-Term Memory:

  • Essentially unlimited capacity
  • Relatively permanent storage
• What do computer models predict?

  Complex behaviors
• Who proposed the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin
• What is the role of Attention in the model?

  To select information from Sensory Memory to be transferred to Short-Term Memory
• What types of knowledge does ACT-R focus on?

  Procedural and declarative knowledge
• What does the Multi-Store Memory Model illustrate?

  Information flow through different memory stores
• If you wanted to study the design and analysis of algorithms, which two main areas of study would you focus on?

  Computer Science and Mathematics
• What processes allow information to transfer from short-term memory to long-term memory?

  Consolidation and rehearsal
• What are models in psychology?

  Simplified representations of mental processes
• What are the key roles of models in psychology?

  • Provide a framework to organize thoughts
  • Aid in testing hypotheses
  • Simplify complex processes
  • Facilitate communication of ideas
  • Develop effective interventions
• What architecture does SOAR utilize?

  Goal-oriented architecture
• What are the key uses of SOAR?

  Problem-solving and skill development
• Which computer model simulates learning and decision-making?

  ACT-R
• What is one application of ACT-R?

  Simulating learning and decision-making
• What are cognitive models used for in education?

  Tailoring teaching methods to learning styles
• In what way do cognitive models influence technology design?

  By designing intuitive user interfaces
• What are the key features of computer models in cognitive science?

  • Use simulations to understand brain functions
  • Based on algorithms that mimic cognitive processes
  • Predict complex behaviors
  • Utilize programming and computer science
• What do theoretical models provide compared to computer models?

  Broad frameworks
• What are the key processes in the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  • Rehearsal
  • Consolidation
  • Retrieval
• How can models be used in psychological research?

  To test hypotheses and develop interventions
• What are the three main memory stores in the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  • Sensory Memory
  • Short-Term Memory
  • Long-Term Memory
• How does information move from sensory memory to short-term memory?

  Through attention
• What is the name of the field that lies at the intersection of Computer Science and Theoretical Computer Science?

  CS
• How does the process of Consolidation differ from Rehearsal in the Multi-Store Memory Model?

  Consolidation transfers information from Short-Term to Long-Term Memory, while Rehearsal maintains information in Short-Term Memory
• Why is the field of Logic positioned at the intersection of multiple areas in the diagram?

  Because logic is a foundational discipline that underpins and connects various fields of study
• What cognitive tasks does SOAR simulate?

  Wide range including perception and reasoning
• How does the positioning of "Other areas of science and humanities" in the diagram suggest its relationship to the core fields?

  It surrounds the core fields, indicating it draws from and contributes to a wider range of disciplines
• What are the main areas of study shown in the image?

  • Mathematics
  • Computer Science (CS)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (TCS)
  • Engineering
  • Logic
  • Other areas of science and humanities
• What is the main benefit of using cognitive models?

  They improve understanding of thought processes
• How do computer models help us?

  They help understand and predict complex behaviors
• What is the development base for computer models?

  Computer science and mathematics