5.7.1 Comparison of Assumptions

• How does the Cognitive Approach differ from the Behavioural Approach?

  Cognitive Approach explores mental processes, not actions
• What is the core assumption of the Cognitive approach in psychology?

  Mental processes influence behavior
• How does the Cognitive approach relate memory to problem-solving?

  Remembering facts helps solve a problem
• What is the core assumption of the Humanistic approach in psychology?

  Individual potential and self-actualization drive actions
• What is the core assumption of the Behavioural approach in psychology?

  Learning through environmental stimuli and observable actions
• How does the Humanistic approach relate to personal growth?

  Seeking personal growth in life decisions
• What is the core assumption of the Biological approach?

  Genetics and brain structure affect psychological functioning
• What does the Biological Approach in psychology examine?

  Biological factors like genetics and brain structure
• How do the Biological and Psychodynamic approaches differ?

  • Biological explores genes and brain structure
  • Psychodynamic delves into unconscious factors
• What distinguishes the Humanistic approach from others?

  • Highlights self-actualization
  • Other approaches are more deterministic
• How does the Behavioural approach explain a student's motivation to study?

  A student studies hard after getting a good grade
• What are the core assumptions of the five key approaches in psychology?

  • Behavioural: Learning through environmental stimuli and observable actions
  • Cognitive: Mental processes influence behavior
  • Biological: Genetic and brain structure factors affect functioning
  • Psychodynamic: Unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences shape behavior
  • Humanistic: Individual potential and self-actualization drive actions
• What is the key assumption of the Behavioural approach?

  Actions learned through environmental stimuli
• What do Psychodynamic approaches emphasize compared to Humanistic approaches?

  Psychodynamic emphasizes unconscious conflicts
• What is emphasized by the Psychodynamic Approach?

  Influence of unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences
• What is a key difference between the Cognitive and Biological approaches?

  Cognitive focuses on thought; Biological on genetics
• How does the Psychodynamic approach explain fears?

  Fears stem from forgotten childhood events
• What are the similarities and differences in key assumptions across psychology approaches?

  Similarities:

  • All explain behavior
  • Emphasize either internal or external factors

  
  

  Differences:

  • Behavioural: Focuses on environment
  • Cognitive: Focuses on thought processes
  • Biological: Attributes behavior to genetics
  • Psychodynamic: Explores unconscious conflicts
  • Humanistic: Highlights personal growth
• What is the core assumption of the Psychodynamic approach in psychology?

  Unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences shape behavior
• What do differing assumptions in psychology influence?

  Research methods used
• What is the core assumption of the Humanistic approach?

  Individuals strive for personal growth and self-actualization
• How does the Behavioural approach differ from the Psychodynamic approach in research methods?

  Behavioural uses experiments; Psychodynamic uses case studies
• How would the Humanistic approach consider depression?

  Barriers to self-fulfillment
• What are the key approaches in psychology?

  • Behavioural Approach: Observable actions and learning
  • Cognitive Approach: Mental processes like memory
  • Biological Approach: Genetics and brain structure
  • Psychodynamic Approach: Unconscious thoughts and childhood
  • Humanistic Approach: Individual potential and self-actualization
• What are the similarities among the different approaches in psychology?

  • All aim to explain why people act as they do
  • Each highlights specific factors influencing behavior
• What is the key assumption of the Biological approach?

  Genetic and brain structure shape functioning
• Why is each research method suited to its approach's assumptions?

  Each method tests the approach's specific assumptions
• What does the Biological approach explore?

  Genetic and neurobiological bases
• What does the Cognitive approach emphasize in psychology?

  Mental processes like memory and problem-solving
• What are the research methods associated with different psychological approaches?

  • Behavioural: Experiments
  • Cognitive: Cognitive tasks, brain scans
  • Biological: Genetic studies, brain imaging
  • Psychodynamic: Case studies, interviews
  • Humanistic: Interviews, observations
• What do all psychology approaches emphasize according to the Biological approach?

  All explain behavior; emphasize biological factors
• How does the Biological approach explain predisposition to depression?

  Genes predispose someone to depression
• How do the strengths of the Behavioural and Cognitive approaches differ?

  Behavioural is rigorous; Cognitive explores complexity
• What is the key assumption of the Psychodynamic approach?

  Unconscious thoughts affect behavior
• How does the Biological approach differ from the Psychodynamic approach?

  Biological attributes behavior to genetics; Psychodynamic to unconscious
• What do all psychology approaches have in common regarding behavior?

  All explain behavior; emphasize external factors
• What is the focus of the Behavioural Approach in psychology?

  Observable actions and learning through stimuli
• What common limitation do both Behavioural and Cognitive approaches share?

  Both may overlook emotional and environmental factors
• What is a strength of the Behavioural approach related to experiments?

  Scientifically rigorous with controlled experiments
• What aspect would the Psychodynamic approach explore in relation to depression?

  Past trauma