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Subdecks (1)
pbl 3
bb pbls
48 cards
Cards (107)
What class of drugs does Amlodipine belong to?
Calcium channel blockers
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How does Amlodipine help treat hypertension?
It
relaxes
blood
vessels
to
improve
blood
flow
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What does a "15-year pack" refer to in smoking history?
Smoking one pack per day for
15
years
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What is the purpose of Warfarin medication?
To prevent
blood clots
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What condition is commonly treated with Warfarin?
Atrial fibrillation
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How does Warfarin work in the body?
It inhibits
vitamin K
for
clotting factors
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What is Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)?
An
irregular heartbeat
condition
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What are common symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation?
Palpitations
,
fatigue
, and shortness of breath
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What are Vesicular Breath Sounds?
Normal breath sounds during
inspiration
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Where are Vesicular Breath Sounds best heard?
Over most of the
lung fields
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What is Global Aphasia?
A severe language disorder from
brain damage
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What difficulties do people with Global Aphasia face?
Struggling to communicate
verbally
and understand
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What is the Nasolabial Groove?
The crease from
nose
to mouth corners
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How can the prominence of the Nasolabial Groove change?
With
age
or facial expressions
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What does an Equivocal Plantar Response indicate?
An
unclear
response in
plantar reflex
testing
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What is a typical response in adults during plantar reflex testing?
Toes curling downward (
flexion
)
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What does INR stand for?
International Normalized Ratio
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What is the purpose of the INR test?
To measure
blood clotting time
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What is a Non-Contrast Head CT?
A CT scan of the brain without
contrast
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When is a Non-Contrast Head CT commonly used?
In
emergency
situations for initial
brain
assessment
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What are the uses and mechanisms of Amlodipine and Warfarin?
Amlodipine:
Treats
hypertension
and
angina
Relaxes blood vessels to improve blood flow
Warfarin:
Prevents blood clots
Inhibits vitamin K for clotting factors
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What are the characteristics and implications of Atrial Fibrillation and Global Aphasia?
Atrial Fibrillation:
Irregular heartbeat
Symptoms: palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath
Increased
stroke risk
Global Aphasia:
Severe language disorder
Difficulty in understanding and producing speech
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What are the normal and abnormal breath sounds?
Normal Breath Sounds:
Vesicular
breath sounds: soft, low-pitched
Abnormal Breath Sounds:
Wheezing
Crackles
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What is the significance of the Nasolabial Groove and Equivocal Plantar Response?
Nasolabial Groove:
Indicates
facial
aging and expressions
Equivocal Plantar Response:
May indicate neurological issues if unclear
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What is the role of INR and Non-Contrast Head CT in medical practice?
INR:
Monitors blood clotting for patients on
Warfarin
Non-Contrast Head CT:
Initial assessment for brain conditions in emergencies
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What occurs during a stroke?
Blood flow
to the brain is interrupted
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What are the consequences of a stroke?
Brain cells
are deprived of oxygen and nutrients
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What are the two main types of stroke?
Ischemic stroke
: Caused by a blockage
Hemorrhagic stroke
: Caused by a rupture
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What causes an ischemic stroke?
A blockage in a blood vessel
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What causes a hemorrhagic stroke?
A
rupture
in a blood vessel
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What is a common sign of a stroke?
Sudden
numbness
or weakness
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What does sudden confusion indicate in a stroke?
It may indicate a stroke is
occurring
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What visual symptoms can occur during a stroke?
Sudden
trouble
seeing
in one or both eyes
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What does a severe headache without a known cause suggest?
It may indicate a
hemorrhagic stroke
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What symptoms are associated with ischemic stroke?
Weakness
or
numbness
on one side
Slurred speech
Loss of vision
in one eye
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What symptoms are associated with hemorrhagic stroke?
Sudden
severe headache
Nausea and vomiting
Seizures and
loss of consciousness
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How many people in the UK have a stroke each year?
Approximately
100,000
people
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What is the relationship between age and stroke risk?
The risk
increases
with age
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Who is at higher risk for stroke at younger ages?
Men
are at slightly higher risk
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Who is more likely to experience a stroke at older ages?
Women
are more likely to experience a stroke
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See all 107 cards
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