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    • What class of drugs does Amlodipine belong to?
      Calcium channel blockers
    • How does Amlodipine help treat hypertension?
      It relaxes blood vessels to improve blood flow
    • What does a "15-year pack" refer to in smoking history?
      Smoking one pack per day for 15 years
    • What is the purpose of Warfarin medication?
      To prevent blood clots
    • What condition is commonly treated with Warfarin?
      Atrial fibrillation
    • How does Warfarin work in the body?
      It inhibits vitamin K for clotting factors
    • What is Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)?
      An irregular heartbeat condition
    • What are common symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation?
      Palpitations, fatigue, and shortness of breath
    • What are Vesicular Breath Sounds?
      Normal breath sounds during inspiration
    • Where are Vesicular Breath Sounds best heard?
      Over most of the lung fields
    • What is Global Aphasia?
      A severe language disorder from brain damage
    • What difficulties do people with Global Aphasia face?
      Struggling to communicate verbally and understand
    • What is the Nasolabial Groove?
      The crease from nose to mouth corners
    • How can the prominence of the Nasolabial Groove change?
      With age or facial expressions
    • What does an Equivocal Plantar Response indicate?
      An unclear response in plantar reflex testing
    • What is a typical response in adults during plantar reflex testing?
      Toes curling downward (flexion)
    • What does INR stand for?
      International Normalized Ratio
    • What is the purpose of the INR test?
      To measure blood clotting time
    • What is a Non-Contrast Head CT?
      A CT scan of the brain without contrast
    • When is a Non-Contrast Head CT commonly used?
      In emergency situations for initial brain assessment
    • What are the uses and mechanisms of Amlodipine and Warfarin?
      • Amlodipine:
      • Treats hypertension and angina
      • Relaxes blood vessels to improve blood flow

      • Warfarin:
      • Prevents blood clots
      • Inhibits vitamin K for clotting factors
    • What are the characteristics and implications of Atrial Fibrillation and Global Aphasia?
      • Atrial Fibrillation:
      • Irregular heartbeat
      • Symptoms: palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath
      • Increased stroke risk

      • Global Aphasia:
      • Severe language disorder
      • Difficulty in understanding and producing speech
    • What are the normal and abnormal breath sounds?
      • Normal Breath Sounds:
      • Vesicular breath sounds: soft, low-pitched

      • Abnormal Breath Sounds:
      • Wheezing
      • Crackles
    • What is the significance of the Nasolabial Groove and Equivocal Plantar Response?
      • Nasolabial Groove:
      • Indicates facial aging and expressions

      • Equivocal Plantar Response:
      • May indicate neurological issues if unclear
    • What is the role of INR and Non-Contrast Head CT in medical practice?
      • INR:
      • Monitors blood clotting for patients on Warfarin

      • Non-Contrast Head CT:
      • Initial assessment for brain conditions in emergencies
    • What occurs during a stroke?
      Blood flow to the brain is interrupted
    • What are the consequences of a stroke?
      Brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients
    • What are the two main types of stroke?
      • Ischemic stroke: Caused by a blockage
      • Hemorrhagic stroke: Caused by a rupture
    • What causes an ischemic stroke?
      A blockage in a blood vessel
    • What causes a hemorrhagic stroke?
      A rupture in a blood vessel
    • What is a common sign of a stroke?
      Sudden numbness or weakness
    • What does sudden confusion indicate in a stroke?
      It may indicate a stroke is occurring
    • What visual symptoms can occur during a stroke?
      Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
    • What does a severe headache without a known cause suggest?
      It may indicate a hemorrhagic stroke
    • What symptoms are associated with ischemic stroke?
      • Weakness or numbness on one side
      • Slurred speech
      • Loss of vision in one eye
    • What symptoms are associated with hemorrhagic stroke?
      • Sudden severe headache
      • Nausea and vomiting
      • Seizures and loss of consciousness
    • How many people in the UK have a stroke each year?
      Approximately 100,000 people
    • What is the relationship between age and stroke risk?
      The risk increases with age
    • Who is at higher risk for stroke at younger ages?
      Men are at slightly higher risk
    • Who is more likely to experience a stroke at older ages?
      Women are more likely to experience a stroke
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