Verwoerd's legislation

• The 1959 Promotion of Black Self-government Act set up the Bantustans.
• The Extension of University Education Act 1959 created separate universities for black Africans, "Coloureds" and Indians.
• The facilities and services in the townships like Soweto were inferior in every respect.
• In the "informal settlements" or "illegal settlements" (townships), black South Africans were forced to live in shanty houses constructed of corrugated iron with no more than dirt floors, with no electricity or run water.
• The Bantustans were overcrowded and poverty stricken. The land could not cope with the growing demands of the growing black population.