Animal Cell Specialisation

• What are the three specialized animal cells discussed?

  Sperm cells, nerve cells, muscle cells
• What is the process called when cells become specialized?

  Differentiation
• What adaptations do sperm cells have for fertilization?

  • Long tail for swimming
  • Streamlined shape
  • Packed with mitochondria for energy
  • Enzymes to digest the ovum's outer layer
• What is the job of a sperm cell?

  To join with an ovum
• What is contained in the nucleus of a sperm cell?

  Genetic information
• How do sperm cells provide energy for swimming?

  Through mitochondria
• What are the key features of nerve cells?

  • Long axon for impulse transmission
  • Myelin sheath for insulation
  • Synapses for impulse transfer
  • Dendrites for increased surface area
• What is the function of the axon in nerve cells?

  To transmit electrical impulses
• What does myelin do for the axon?

  Insulates the axon and speeds transmission
• What are synapses in nerve cells?

  Junctions that allow impulse transfer
• What are the key features of muscle cells?

  • Ability to contract and shorten
  • Contain protein fibers that change length
  • Packed with mitochondria for energy
  • Work together to form muscle tissue
• What is the main function of muscle cells?

  To contract and get shorter
• How do protein fibers in muscle cells function during contraction?

  They shorten, decreasing cell length
• Why do muscle cells have many mitochondria?

  To provide energy for contraction
• How do muscle cells work together?

  • They form muscle tissue
  • Collaborate for coordinated movement
  • Each cell contributes to overall contraction
• Where can you find questions on specialized animal cells?

  In the vision workbook
• What should you be able to do by the end of the video?

  Describe how specialized cells function