Lifestyle and Disease

• What are non-communicable diseases?

  Diseases that cannot be passed person to person
• What is the biggest cause of death in the UK?

  Non-communicable diseases
• What is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease?

  A diet high in fat and low in vegetables
• How does a high salt diet affect cardiovascular disease risk?

  It can increase blood pressure
• What lifestyle factor massively increases cardiovascular disease risk?

  Smoking
• What is the single greatest cause of death by cancer in the UK?

  Lung cancer
• What are carcinogens?

  Chemicals in cigarette smoke that trigger cancer
• What other lung diseases does smoking increase the risk of?

  Emphysema
• How can smoking during pregnancy affect an unborn baby?

  It increases the risk of miscarriage and low birth weight
• What condition can drinking alcohol during pregnancy cause?

  Fetal alcohol syndrome
• What are the effects of fetal alcohol syndrome?

  Learning difficulties and mental or physical problems
• What should pregnant women avoid to protect their unborn baby?

  Smoking and drinking alcohol
• What diseases can excessive alcohol consumption lead to in adults?

  Liver cirrhosis and liver cancer
• How does alcohol affect the brain?

  It can lead to addiction and memory loss
• What condition is rapidly increasing in the UK?

  Type 2 diabetes
• What is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

  Obesity
• How can risk factors interact?

  Excess alcohol can lead to obesity
• What is radon?

  A radioactive gas that increases lung cancer risk
• Where is radon found?

  In certain parts of the UK
• What should you remember about lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases?

  They can lead to various non-communicable diseases
• What are the risk factors for non-communicable diseases?

  • Poor diet (high in fat, low in vegetables)
  • High salt intake
  • Smoking
  • Lack of exercise
  • Excessive alcohol consumption
  • Obesity
• How do lifestyle factors contribute to non-communicable diseases?

  • Diet affects cholesterol and blood pressure
  • Smoking increases cancer and lung disease risk
  • Alcohol impacts liver and brain health
  • Obesity is linked to type 2 diabetes