endocrine system

• what body system does the endocrine system work closely with

  nervous system
• what is the function of the endocrine system

  control the body's internal environment and metabolism
• define metabolism

  amount of chemical reactions occurring in the body
• what are the 7 main endocrine glands

  pituitary

  thyroid

  parathyroid

  pancreas

  adrenal

  ovary

  testes
• where are hormones secreted other than endocrine glands

  tissues in organs
• what are 4 examples of hormones produced by tissues

  gastrin

  secretin

  chorionic gonadotrophin

  erythropoietin
• where is gastrin produced

  stomach wall
• what does gastrin stimulate

  release of gastric juices
• where is secretin produced

  small intestine wall
• what does secretin stimulate

  release of pancreatic juices
• where is chorionic gonadotrophin produced

  chorion surrounding the conceptus
• what is the role of the hormone chorionic gonadotrophin

  maintain corpus luteum in gestation
• where is the hormone erythropoietin produced and when

  the kidneys when there is low oxygen in the blood
• what does the hormone erythropoietin stimulate

  red bone marrow to produce erythrocytes
• what are hormones secreted in response to

  stimuli
• what are the 4 types of stimuli hormones respond to

  nervous response

  stimulating hormones

  chemical levels

  feedback loops
• describe negative feedback

  trigger releases hormones as a response. Once certain point is reached, hormones stop releasing
• describe the process of increased glucose detected

  insulin is increased

  glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver

  insulin then decreased

  glucose decreased
• describe the process after detecting low glucose

  increased glucagon

  glucose is released and increased

  glucagon decreased

  glucose increased
• describe positive feedback

  relies on a stimuli to peak and produce even more hormones
• describe what happens when progesterone levels are reduced at the end of pregnancy

  causes increase in oxytocin

  foetus moves down and puts pressure of cervix

  causes more oxytocin to be released

  baby is born
• what is oxytocin responsible for

  uterine contractions
• what are the 2 lobes of the pituitary gland

  anterior and posterior
• where is thyroid stimulating hormone produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the roles of thyroid stimulating hormone

  stimulates release of thyroxin in thyroid glands

  regulates iodine intake
• what is somatotrophin more commonly known as

  growth hormone
• where is somatotrophin produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the roles of somatotrophin hormone

  controls epiphyseal growth

  regulate protein production

  regulate energy use when low food supply
• where in adrenocorticotrophic hormone produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the roles of adrenocorticotrophic hormone

  stimulates release of adrenocortical hormone
• where is prolactin hormone produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the roles of prolactin

  stimulate mammary glands

  stimulate milk let down
• where is follicle stimulating hormone produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the role of follicle stimulating hormone

  aids in maturing and developing ova

  stimulates pheromone release
• where is gonadotrophin releasing hormone

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the role of the gonadotrophin releasing hormone

  stimulate ovary and follicle development
• where is luteinising hormone produced

  anterior pituitary gland
• what is the role of the luteinising hormone

  stimulates ovulation

  stimulates interstitial cells of Leydig to secrete testosterone
• what are the 4 gonadotrophin hormones

  FSH

  LH

  interstitial stimulating hormone
• what are trophic hormones

  stimulate other endocrine glands