C8-Chemical analysis

• what is a pure substance?

  a substance that only contains one compound or element throughout
• what can you use to tell the purity of a substance?

  melting and boiling points
• what is a formulation?

  mixtures with exact amounts of components
• what is pigment?

  gives the paint colour
• what is a solvent?

  used to dissolve the other components
• what is a binder?

  forms a film that holds the pigment in place
• what are additives?

  added to further change the physical and chemical properties of the paint
• what can formulations be found in?

  cleaning products

  fuels

  cosmetics

  fertilisers

  metal alloys

  food and drink
• what does chromatography do?

  separates substances in a mixture
• whats the mobile phase?

  the solvent
• whats the stationary phase?

  the paper
• how can you tell the solubility of the solvent?

  the higher the solubility, the longer distance the ink travels
• whats the equation for the RF value?

  distance travelled by substance/distance travelled by solvent
• what is the test for chlorine?

  bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white
• what is the test for oxygen?

  put a glowing splint in a test tube of oxygen and the splint will relight
• what is the test for carbon dioxide?

  limewater will turn cloudy
• what is the test for hydrogen?

  hold a lit splint against a test tube of hydrogen and there will be a squeaky pop