fight or flight

• What is the fight-or-flight response?

  A physiological reaction to perceived threats
• Why does the fight-or-flight response make sense from an evolutionary perspective?

  It prepares the body to confront or escape danger
• What happens to the body during a fight-or-flight response?

  Heart rate and breathing rate increase
• How does modern stress differ from evolutionary stressors?

  Modern stressors are often non-physical threats
• What are the effects of acute stress during a job interview?

  Increased alertness and positive short-term rush
• What triggers chronic stress in modern life?

  Worries about bills, meetings, or exams
• What is the HPA axis?

  The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
• What hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex during stress?

  Cortisol
• What does the sympathetic adrenal medulla pathway trigger?

  Release of adrenaline and noradrenaline
• What are the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the body?

  Increased blood flow and faster breathing
• How does chronic stress affect the immune system?

  It suppresses immune function and increases illness
• What physical problems can chronic stress lead to?

  Heart disease, obesity, and depression
• What alternative response do women have to stress according to Taylor (2000)?

  Tend-and-befriend response
• Why is the tend-and-befriend response beneficial?

  It improves social connections for survival
• What are some tips for managing stress effectively?

  • Focus on deep, slow breathing
  • Practice mindfulness techniques
  • Engage in regular exercise
  • Listen to relaxing music
  • Ensure adequate sleep and healthy eating
  • Talk to friends, family, or teachers
• What can chronic stress lead to in terms of mental health?

  Increased risk of anxiety and depression
• How can breathing techniques counteract stress responses?

  They decrease heart rate and promote calmness
• What is the role of social connections in managing stress?

  They provide support and help cope with stress