Biology

• prophase is when the nuclear membrane dissolves and releases the chromosome
• metaphase is when the chromosome are alligned in the middle and centrosome move to opposite poles and produce spindle fibers
• anaphase is when the spindle fibers pull apart sister chromatids to opposite poles
• telophase is when two the cells completely/ nearing its separation
• cytokinesis is the complete duplication of the nucleus and order components
• somatic cells are also known as body cells
• mitosis occurs in somatic cells
• meiosis occurs in reproductive cells
• diploid chromosomes have 2 copies of a pair of chromosome
• diploid happens in mitosis
• haploid produces 1 copy of each chromosome
• haploid happens in meiosis
• each chromosome is made up of tightly coiled DNA packed by histones
• genetics is the study of genes and heredity
• homozygous when alleles are different
• heterozygous is when both alleles are same RR, rr
• recessive genes are hidden
• dominant genes always show in phenotype
• phenotype follows the dominant allele
• DNA is the molecule that contains genetic information
• the backbone of the dna consists of deoxyribose, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
• transcription is the process of producing protein from dna copying to form rna
• translation is protein synthesis by ribosome
• the three domains in the tree of life are: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
• domain is the highest level in the taxonomic ranking
• king philip came over from great spain
• kingdom phylum class order family genus spain
• kingdom is the 2nd most level in taxonomic ranking
• monera is the only classification in kingdom that has prokaryotic as cell types
• fungis cannot photosynthesize but has a cell wall
• protistas as eukaryotic
• prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and are not cell membrane bound organelles
• eukaryotic cells have nucleus and are cell membrane-bound organelles
• protistas are neither plants, animals, nor fungi but are the ancestral link between them
• fungis are decomposers that releases various elements to soil
• gymnosperms have cones
• angiosperms have flowers
• non-vascular plants have no xylem nor phloem
• seed bearing plants are gymnosperms and angiosperms
• plantae vascular non-vascular seed bearing spore bearing algae gymposperm angiosperm