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Gram -
Genus Shigella
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keerthana
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Cards (30)
What is the Gram stain result for the genus Shigella?
Gram -ve
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What is the shape of Shigella bacteria?
Rod shaped
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What type of intracellular behavior does Shigella exhibit?
Facultative
Intracellular
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Does Shigella ferment lactose?
No, it is a
non-lactose
fermenter
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How does Shigella respond to gastric acid?
It is resistant to gastric acid
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What is the motility characteristic of Shigella?
Immotile
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Why are stool samples for Shigella testing considered fastidious?
They require
prompt
testing
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What is the infectious dose required for Shigella due to its resistance?
Low
infectious
dose
required
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What type of immune response is primarily involved with Shigella infection?
PMN
infiltration
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What is the primary reservoir for Shigella?
Colon
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How is Shigella primarily transmitted?
Faecal-Oral Route
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What is another method of transmission for Shigella?
Person-to-Person
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What type of toxin does Shigella produce?
Endotoxin
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What is the mechanism of action of Shiga toxin?
Inhibits
60S
ribosomal subunit
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What does Shiga toxin cause in enterocytes?
Enterocyte
damage and
bloody
diarrhoea
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How does Shigella invade the intestinal tissue?
It
invades
M cells
in
Peyer’s Patches
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What process allows Shigella to move laterally within cells?
Polymerises
cell’s
actin
jet trails
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What is the result of Shigella's evasion of the immune system?
Shallow
ulcers
and bloody
diarrhoea
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How does the endotoxin trigger inflammation in Shigella infections?
By using
Type III secretion system
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What is the clinical manifestation of Shigella infection?
Shigellosis
(bloody diarrhoea)
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What is another clinical manifestation associated with Shigella?
Reactive Arthritis
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What serious condition can result from Shigella infection?
Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome
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What type of gastrointestinal condition is caused by Shigella?
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
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What specimens are used for microbiological diagnosis of Shigella?
Faeces
and
Rectal Swabs
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What microscopy technique is used for Shigella diagnosis?
Non-specific
methylene blue
staining
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What type of culture medium is used for Shigella?
MacConkey Agar
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What is the appearance of Shigella colonies on MacConkey Agar?
Transparent
non-coloured colonies
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What is the appearance of Shigella colonies on Hektoen Agar?
Blue-green
colonies
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What is the first-line treatment for Shigella infections?
Fluoroquinolones
e.g.,
ciprofloxacin
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What is another treatment option for Shigella infections?
3rd Generation
Cephalosporins e.g., ceftriaxone
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