Medical Interventions 3.3

• Radiation therapy is used to target and kill leftover cancer cells in the area where the cancerous tissue was found
• Local treatment means it only affects the area where the tumor was located
• Radiation works with a beam of high-energy rays that destroy or slow the growth of cancer cells
• When a mass of cancerous tissue is found, the first step is to remove it
• Chemotherapy is a systematic treatment that is designed to destroy any cancer cells that may have metasized and spread into nearby cells
• The goal of chemotherapy is to prevent further cell division by destroying rapidly dividing cells (cancer cells)
• Therapies available for cancer are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, biofeedback therapy, prosthetics, and physical and occupational therapy.
• Both chemotherapy and radiotherapy both have the goal of destroying cancer cells by stopping or slowing their growth.
• Myoelectric means utilizing electricity generated by muscle
• Physical therapy is the treatment of disease by physical and mechanical means (as massage, regulated exercise, water, light, heat, and electricity)
• Occupational therapy is based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life
• Occupational activity can include self-care, education, work, or social interaction
• Prosthesis is an artificial device that replaces or augments a missing or impaired part of the body
• Chemotherapy is the use of chemical agents in the treatment or control disease or mental disorder
• Biofeedback is the technique of making unconscious or involuntary bodily processes (as heartbeat or brain waves) perceptible to the senses in order to manipulate them by conscious mental control
• The most commonly used method of radiation therapy is external beam radiation therapy.
• The most commonly used method or radiation therapy involves a machine outside the body that “beams” the rays to the site of the tumor from multiple directions for a rapid, high intensity, specifically aimed treatment.
• The side effects of radiation therapy are only seen in the area where the cancerous tissue is found due to the fact that it’s a local treatment
• Side effects of radiation therapy involve soreness, tenderness, skin changes that look like burns, and fatigue
• Chemotherapy drugs are inserted directly into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body
• Chemotherapy treatment is given in cycles with recovery periods in between
• Chemotherapy drugs travel throughout the body so the side effects are seen in more places
• Symptoms of chemotherapy involve nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, hair loss, fatigue, and change in appetite.
• Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, affecting their ability to function, metabolize chemicals, or by altering DNA
• Chemotherapy is a highly effective treatment for cancer, but it can cause body-wide side effects to any rapidly growing cells, not just cancerous ones.
• Chemotherapy’s nature can result in skin changes (tearing, bruising, lesions), mouth sores, gum tenderness, bone marrow suppressions (resulting in anemia and high risk of infection) and issues with fatigue
• While radiation targets the site of the tumor, chemotherapy targets any cancerous cells in the entire body
• Sporadic cancer is when a cancer develops in a person who has no familial history or any inherited mutations (that would increase their risk of cancer)
• Familial cancer is when there is a family history of cancer.
• Hereditary cancer is when a person inherits a faulty gene from their parents which increases chance of cancer
• The carcinogen radon affects the lungs
• Relative Mobility Value (Rf) is done after gel electrophoresis and PCR are performed
• Relative mobility value is calculated by dividing the average distance moved by the average distance of from the gel wall to the tracking dye
• STRs are found in introns
• Intron sequences in the DNA do not code for proteins
• SPF means Sun Protection Factor
• Biofeedback can help

  with beating pain and help with coping with life in less drugs
• Biofeedback includes techniques such as yoga, meditation, chanting, counting that can change involuntary responses like heart rate, respiration rate and body temperature
• Parts of a prosthetic include the socket, pylon, and the suspension system
• Pylon is an internal frame or skeleton of the prosthetic limb