sex and gender

• What is the main topic of the video series?

  The complex question of what gender is
• What is the purpose of the videos in this unit?

  To explore psychological theories of gender
• What specification are the videos primarily designed to cover?

  AQA A-level specification
• What will the videos cover regarding gender?

  Current and historical psychological theories
• What is the first topic discussed in the unit?

  The differences between sex and gender
• How do psychologists define biological sex?

  As genetic and anatomical differences
• What chromosomes are associated with females and males?

  Females: XX, Males: XY
• When is biological sex assigned to someone?

  At the moment of conception
• What does the term gender refer to in psychology?

  Behavioral differences between males and females
• What is a "sex role stereotype"?

  Expected behaviors for males and females
• How do sex role stereotypes vary?

  They can vary significantly between cultures
• How do societal expectations influence personal behavior regarding gender?

  They shape how individuals choose to dress
• What is the classification for someone with balanced masculine and feminine traits?

  Androgynous
• Who developed the Bem Sex Role Inventory?

  Sandra Bem
• What does the BSRI measure?

  Masculine and feminine personality traits
• How many questions are in the BSRI?

  60 questions
• What did Bem find regarding sex-typed personality types?

  Most males were masculine, most females feminine
• What did Adams and Sherer find about gender adjustment?

  Masculine individuals were better adjusted
• What is a limitation of Bem's original study?

  No category for undifferentiated individuals
• What does test-retest reliability indicate about the BSRI?

  It accurately measures gender over time
• What is a criticism of Bem's traits in the BSRI?

  Some traits may not align with current views
• What positive impact did Bem's work have on society?

  Promoted understanding of gender identity
• What is a limitation of the BSRI regarding cultural generalizability?

  It was created using Western students
• What did Smith and Lloyd's study investigate?

  Mother's play styles with infants
• What did Smith and Lloyd find regarding toy choice?

  Boys received masculine toys, girls feminine
• What did Mead's research reveal about gender roles?

  Gender roles vary significantly across cultures
• How do cultural changes affect sex role stereotypes?

  They may reduce relevance of stereotypes
• What is a potential consequence of strong gender stereotypes in hiring?

  Discrimination based on biased expectations
• What was the focus of the 2018 exam question mentioned?

  Bem's research
• What additional resources are available for patrons?

  Bonus gender tutorial videos
• What is the aim of the cognitive explanations of gender development video?

  To discuss cognitive theories of gender