The structures of the acids and the anions

• Phosphatic (V) acid is a tetrahedral (bond angle is 109.5°).
• Phosphoric(V) acid is a triprotic acid, meaning it forms three different anions as the $H^+$ leaves the molecule on reaction with bases. 
• Sulfuric(IV) acid forms two different salts on removal of one or both of the hydrogen atoms as $H^+$ ions.
• What is created when $SO_2$ reacts with water?


  Sulfuric(IV) acid
• What is created when $P_4O_{10}$ reacts with water?


  Phosphoric (V) acid
• Phosphoric acid: Equations

  $NaOH+$$H_3PO_4\rightarrow NaH_2PO_4+$$H_2O$

  $NaH_2PO_4$  is sodium dihydrogen phosphate(V), the $H_2PO_4$ ion is the dihydrogen phosphate(V) ion. 

  $2NaOH+$$H_3PO_4\rightarrow NaH_2HPO_4+$$2H_2O$

  $NaH_2HPO_4$  is sodium hydrogen phosphate(V), $HPO_4^{2-}$ is the hydrogen phosphate(V) ion. 

  $3NaOH+$$H_3PO_4\rightarrow NaH_2PO_4+$$3H_2O$
• Sulfuric(IV) acid: Equations

  Sulfuric(IV) acid forms two different salts on removal of one or both of the hydrogen atoms as H+ ions.

  $NaOH+$$H_2SO_3\rightarrow NaHSO_3+$$H_2O$

  $NaHSO_3$  is sodium hydrogen sulfate(V), the $HSO_3^-$ ion is the hydrogensulfite ion.

  $2NaOH+$$H_2SO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_3+$$2H_2O$

  $Na_3SO_3$  is sodium hydrogen sulfate(IV), the $SO_3^{2-}$ ion is the sulfate(V) ion.
• All ions formed by phosphoric acid have a tetrahedral shape (bond angle is 109.5°).
• All ions formed by sulfuric(IV) acid are pyramidal (bond angle 107.5°).
• All anions formed by sulfuric(VI) acid are tetrahedral (bond angle 109.5°).
• Sulfuric(VI) acid: Equations

  $NaOH+$$H_2SO_4\rightarrow NaHSO_4+$$H_2O$

  $NaHSO_4$  is sodium hydrogen sulfate(VI), the $HSO_4^-$ ion is the hydrogensulfate ion. 

  $2NaOH+$$H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+$$2H_2O$

  $Na_2SO_4$  is sodium sulfate(VI), the $SO_4^{2-}$ ion is the sulfate(VI) ion.