The characteristics and Functions of call components

• Nucleus: Controls all cell activities
• Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration, produces ATP
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Membranous system involved in the production and transport of proteins.
• Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis
• Golgi apparatus: Modifies and packages proteins for secretion or storage
• Lysosome: Contains digestive enzymes that break down waste materials within cells
• Lysosome: Contains digestive enzymes that break down waste materials within the cell
• Cytoskeleton: Provides structural support to the cell and helps with movement
• Centrioles: Involved in cell division
• Vacuole: Stores water, nutrients, pigments, and wastes
• Cell membrane: Regulates what enters and exits the cell
• Nucleus: Control center of the cell containing genetic material
• Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration, producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
• Peroxisome: Organelle containing enzymes that catalyze reactions involving hydrogen peroxide as an intermediate product
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Consists of two types - rough ER (rER) and smooth ER (sER). Rough ER is studded with ribosomes involved in protein synthesis, while sER has no ribosomes but plays a role in lipid metabolism.
• Ribosomes: Site of protein synthesis
• Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis
• Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration
• Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration, producing ATP (energy)
• Endoplasmic reticulum: Network of tubules involved in protein production and lipid metabolism
• Golgi apparatus: Modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER):

  • A continues membrane sheet

  -Rough Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)

  • Ribosomes on its membrane

  -Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum

  • No ribosomes on its membrane
• Mitochondria : involve in the production of energy


  Spherical

  Double-membrane system: outer and inner membrane

  Matrix

  Cristae
• Centrioles: Forms spindle fibres during cell division

  • Not found in plant cells
• Cytoplasm: provides organelles with nutrients obtained from outside the cells and serves as a median for biochemical reactions in cells

  • Jelly like
  • Area between nucleus and plasma membrane
  • Contains organic and inorganic materials
• Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis using chromosomal information

  1. Spherical organelles
  2. Found in Rough ER or free floating in cytoplasm
• Cell wall: built from cellulose fibres

  (provides)

  1. solid shape
  2. Support to cells
  3. Protection