Meiosis and Mitosis

• The stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
• The two stages not associated with mitosis are interphase and cytokinesis.
• At what stage is DNA replicated for mitosis and meiosis?

  Late interphase
• When does DNA become condensed?


  Prophase
• What are condensed units of DNA called and made of?


  Chromosomes and made of chromatin
• What is chromatin?


  Thin stands of DNA which condense to make chromosomes
• The backbone of DNA is made of phosphates and deoxyribose sugars

  
• The middle part of DNA is made of nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine (ACT-G)
• Meiosis has 2 cell divisions, Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2
• What processes allow for genetic variation?

  Crossing over, Independent assortment, and random fertilization
• Who is the pioneer of genetics?

  Gregor Mendel
• What are gametes?

  Sex cells which contain haploid number of chromosomes
• Two types of meiosis: Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
• What is meiosis?


  Type of cells division where a parent cell produces four non-identical daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes
• What is mitosis?

  process of cell division in which a single parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
• Meiosis is used in sexual reproduction for genetic variation
• Mitosis is used for growth, and repair of cells and for some organisms asexual reproduction